硅藻岩藻黄素特性与其生物合成的研究进展

岩藻黄素的化学结构包含丙二烯键、环氧基、以及共轭羰基和羟基,是一类珍稀类胡萝卜素。岩藻黄素能够和叶绿素a/c某些蛋白形成FCP复合物,存在于许多海洋藻类细胞的光合系统内,在光捕获和光传递方面起重要作用。此外,岩藻黄素在抗肥胖、抗炎、抗癌和抗氧化等方面的生理活性已经被证实。硅藻细胞是岩藻黄素的理想来源,三角褐指藻(Phaeodactylum tricornutum)是硅藻的模式藻种。本文对三角褐指藻来源岩藻黄素的研究进展进行了评述,主要包括岩藻黄素的生理特性和功能、生物合成途径以及合成中的关键酶,影响其生物合成的环境条件等,并对其未来研究进行了展望。

Research progress of the characteristics and biosynthesis of diatom fucoxanthin

The chemical structure of fucoxanthin, which includes an allene bond, an epoxy group, and a conjugated carbonyl group and a hydroxyl group, is a rare class of carotenoids. Fucoxanthin forms an FCP complex with certain proteins of chlorophyll a/c and is present in the photosynthetic system of many marine algae cells, playing an important role in light capture and light transmission. In addition, the physiological activity of fucoxanthin in anti-obesity, anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer and anti-oxidation has been confirmed. Diatom cells are an ideal source of fucoxanthin, and Phaeodactylum tricornutum is a model algae of diatoms. In this paper, the research progress of fucoxanthin from Phaeodactylum tricornutum is reviewed, including the physiological characteristics and functions of fucoxanthin, biosynthetic pathways and key enzymes in synthesis, and environmental conditions affecting its biosynthesis, etc. Prospects for its future research.