含煤盆地转化为含煤-含气(油)盆地的构造地质环境

与含煤岩系相关大气田的开发是中国天然气储产量快速增长的主体，为了进一步阐明与含煤岩系相关大气田的勘探前景，在概述了已发现大气田分布特征的基础上，用实例总结了含煤-含气(油)盆地形成条件，明确指出虽然不同类型含煤盆地发展演化的构造地质环境不完全相同，但是所有含煤盆地能否转化成为含煤-含气(油)盆地的关键因素是相同的，即:含煤岩系沉积期间和含煤岩系沉积后是否以沉降为主，沉积期间及沉积后所经历的构造地质作用能否有效匹配.上述构造地质环境持续时间越长，各种构造地质作用有效匹配程度越好，越利于转化成为含煤-含气(油)盆地，越有利于形成大型气田.中国特定的构造地质环境决定了含煤岩系是中国最重要的气源岩，一些大中型含煤盆地是构造地质环境最优越的盆地，还有较大勘探潜力，仍然可以继续发现更多的大型煤成气田，是未来相当长一段时间内中国天然气产量持续快速增长的主要勘探方向. 

Geotectonic Setting of Coal-Bearing Basins Being Transformed into Coal-and Gas-(Oil-)Bearing Basins

The development of large coal-bearing gas fields is a major part of the rapid growth of the nature gas resource and production in China, this paper discusses the forming geotectonic setting affecting the hydrocarbon accumulation during and after the coal-bearing strata source rocks depositon period based on the distribution features of large coal-bearing gas fields, aiming to clarify the exploration potential of the large coal-related gas fields in China. It is found that potential coal-related basins being transformed into the coal-and gas-(oil-) bearing basins share the following key factors with different tectonic evolutions: there should mainly be stable subsidence both during and after the deposition of coal-bearing strata, and the various geotectonisms should effectively be matching to each other, and ensuring the total gas accumulation should be much larger than the total gas dissipation. The longer the above-mentioned geotectonic process is and the better matched the geotectonic factors are, the more favorable to large coal-and gas-(oil-) bearing basin formation. The coal-related basins are confirmed to be the most promising ones for future exploration due to the fact that they are major gas-source rocks and they remain the major exploration targets for large gas fields ensuring sharp increase of the production of natural gas industry.