基于定向水平钻陷落柱综合探查与阻水塞立体建造技术

导水陷落柱导致的底板奥灰突水是同煤集团塔山矿的主要水害威胁，矿井8228工作面巷道掘进过程中曾发生陷落柱突水。为查明此导水陷落柱发育边界及其内部充填破碎体分布特征，并对陷落柱进行针对性注浆治理，在井上下综合物探勘探的基础上，采用分层多分支地面定向水平钻钻速录井、钻井液漏失量、岩屑录井、随钻测井等综合探查技术手段，结合数据统计分析，查明导水陷落柱的发育边界、影响带范围和破碎体胶结情况及其分布特征。结果表明，导水陷落柱的长短轴分别为410、200 m，破碎区主要分布在靠近工作面突水巷道运输巷掘进工作面右前方。利用Surpac软件对陷落柱空间结构和发育特征进行三维地质建模，并根据柱体充填物破碎程度将其刻画分区为主通道区、裂隙区和次生裂隙区。针对陷落柱破碎体不同分区，利用定向水平钻进控制技术和阻水塞立体建造注浆工艺分区控制技术，通过充填、挤密、劈裂等不同注浆工艺，对工作面导水陷落柱进行截源、加固等综合治理，最终实现工作面安全回采。定向水平钻分层多分支陷落柱综合探查与治理技术为其他类似工程提供重要的借鉴意义。 

Comprehensive exploration of collaps column and three-dimensional construction technology of water plug based on directional horizontal drilling

The Ordovician limestone water inrush from floor caused by water-conducted collapse columns is the main water hazard threat in Tashan Mine of Tongmei Group. Water inrush from collapse columns once happened in the roadway excavation of 8228 working face. On the basis of comprehensive geophysical exploration above and below the well, the development boundary, the influence zone, the cementation of the fractured body and the distribution characteristics of the water flowing subsided column are found out by means of multi-layer and multi-branch surface directional horizontal drilling speed logging, drilling fluid leakage, cuttings logging and logging while drilling, and combined with data statistical analysis, so as to find out the development boundary of the water flowing subsided column and the distribution characteristics of the broken body filled in it, and to control the subsided column by Grouting. The results show that the length and short axis of the collapse column is 410 m, 200 m, and the broken area is mainly distributed in the right front of the driving head of the belt roadway near the water inrush roadway. The 3D geological modeling of the spatial structure and development characteristics of the collapse column is carried out by using Surpac software, and the main passageway area, fracture area and secondary fracture area are divided according to the crushing degree of the collapse column filling material. In view of the different zones of the collapse column broken body, the directional horizontal drilling control technology and separate zones of the grouting technology are used to construct the three-dimensional water-blocking plug. The safe mining of the working face is finally realized by the comprehensive treatment of cutting the source and reinforcing the water-flowing collapse column. The comprehensive exploration and treatment technology of directional horizontal drilling multi-branch collapse column provides a good reference for other similar projects.