豫北盐碱化土壤的遥感影像特征及成因机理浅析

遥感资料的分析表明,豫北土壤盐渍化受半干旱气候、圈闭地形和浅埋藏地下水等因素制约。黄河侧渗为本区提供了丰富的地下水和盐份。地表及埋藏古河道与决口扇造就了该区复杂的微地貌与水文地质结构,并决定了盐渍化程度和类型。本区盐渍化的宏观地质背景是难以改变的,但微观地质环境可以改造。盐渍化土壤的主要治理目标应是经常保持水盐动态平衡,不断采取措施淡化地下水盐份,使土壤含盐浓度从结晶浓度向低盐浓度转化。那种期望一次治理可永远根绝盐渍化的想法是不现实的。

A PRELIMINARY STUDY ON THE FEATURES OF REMOTE SENSING IMAGE AND THE FORMATIVE MECHANISM OF THE SALINIZED SOIL IN NORTHERN HENAN PROVINCE

The analysis of remote sensing data show that the salinized soil is estricted by the semiarid climate. the topography trap. the groundwater of shallow layer and so on. The lateral seepage of yellow river has been offering a plentiful groundwater and salt for this area. The surficial and hiding fossil river course as well as the flood fans bring up very complicated microrelief and the hydrogeological features, and cause the degree and the type of the salinization. The factors of macroscopic geologic environment can be changed hardly in this area, but the microscopic geologic environment for the salinization can be transformed to restrain the salinity level. The main target to harness the salinized soil is to control the hydrosaline regime, and adopt measures continualy to desalt the groundwater, So that the salty density of the soil is transfered from the crystal phrase of the salt solution to low density. It is unpractical that the salinized soil can be made a radical cure by one time control work.