地理信息技术应用下的无人机云端管理系统发展

日益增长的无人机飞行需求与有限的低空空域之间的矛盾愈发激烈,世界各国都在推进无人机管控政策和技术手段研究,即便在最自由的美国G类非管制空域,管理当局也在制定更为严格的无人机管控措施。无人机云端管理系统作为一种新型的数字化监管手段,其系统建设框架和技术路线得到了国内外学者和监管部门的广泛关注与研究。地理信息技术作为云端管理系统的应用技术之一,具体体现在以下几方面:利用全球导航卫星系统(GNSS)实现无人机精准空间定位;通过遥感技术(RS)获取影响无人机飞行安全的地理约束要素信息;基于地理信息系统(GIS)对低空地理空间数据进行组织管理以及构建低空虚拟地理环境等。论文结合团队在无人机低空应用上的研究进展,指出地理信息技术可以在云端管理和航路规划方面为无人机运行管理提供解决方案。

Development of unmanned aerial vehicle cloud management system with the application of geographic information technology

The conflict between the thriving drone flight demand and the limited low-altitude airspace has become increasingly apparent. Countries of the world are advancing the research on unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) regulation policies and technical methods. Even in the U.S. Class G airspace that has the least restrictions, the authorities are considering implementing strict UAV regulation. The UAV cloud management system is a new type of digital supervision method, and its framework and technical roadmap have received extensive attention and research from Chinese and international researchers and regulatory authorities. As one of the applications of cloud management system, geographic information technology is specifically advantaged in the following aspects: Using the global navigation satellite system (GNSS) to achieve precise spatial positioning of UAVs; Using remote sensing (RS) technology to obtain information on geographic constraints that affect the flight safety of UAVs; Organize low-altitude geospatial data based on geographic information system (GIS) and construct low-altitude virtual geographic environment, and so on. This article combines the research progress of our team on low-altitude applications of UAVs and points out that geographic information technology can provide solutions for UAV operation management.