中国近海洄游日本鳗鲡(Anguilla japonica)玻璃鳗肠道微生物菌群分析

为研究长江口日本鳗鲡玻璃鳗肠道菌群的结构与多样性特征,初步探究野生鳗鲡仔鱼的营养需求,分别采集浙江台州市、舟山市以及江苏盐城市邻近海域的玻璃鳗样品,利用16S rDNA扩增子测序技术,分析三个采样点玻璃鳗肠道优势菌群及营养代谢相关的功能差异。结果显示,三个采样点的玻璃鳗肠道菌群均以变形菌门(Proteobacteria, 68.7%～82.0%)和放线菌门(Actinobacteria,4.2%～19.0%)为主要优势菌门。在属分类水平上,不动杆菌属(Acinetobacter, 12.4%～17.3%)和假单胞菌属(Pseudomonas, 8.07%～13.03%)丰度较高,属固定优势菌属。此外,每个采样点样本中都含有丰富的独特细菌群,包括台州市的气单胞菌属(Aeromonas)、舟山市的内生单胞属(Endozoicomonas)和丙酸杆菌属(Cutibacterium)以及盐城市的嗜冷杆菌属(Psychrobacter)和稳杆菌属(Empedobacter),推测是受采样点不同水环境因素影响。不动杆菌、假单胞菌、内生单胞菌等菌属在多种鱼类肠道中有着消化蛋白质的功能,气单胞菌虽属于...

ANALYSIS OF INTESTINAL MICROFLORA OF JAPANESE EEL (ANGUILLA JAPONICA) IN MIGRATION ALONG CHINA OFFSHORE

In order to study the structure and diversity of the intestinal microbiota of glass eels of Japanese eel (Anguilla japonica) in the Changjiang (Yangtze) River estuary, and to investigate the nutritional requirements of wild glass eel, they were sampled in the adjacent waters of Taizhou and Zhoushan of Zhejiang Province, and Yancheng of Jiangsu Province. Using 16S rDNA amplicon sequencing technology, the dominant bacterial communities and functional differences related to nutrient metabolism in the glass eel intestines were analyzed. Results show that the intestinal bacterial community of glass eels at all the three sites was dominated by Proteobacteria and Actinobacteria, which accounted for 68.7%~82.0% and 4.2%~19.0%, respectively. Acinetobacter and Pseudomonas were the most abundant genera, accounting for 12.4%~17.3% and 8.07%~13.03%, respectively, being dominant genera constantly. In addition, each site featured rich and unique bacterial groups, including Aeromonas in Taizhou, Endozoicomonas and Cutibacterium in Zhoushan, and Psychrobacter and Empedobacter in Yancheng, which is believed that different water environment factors resulted in site-specific bacterial groups. Acinetobacter, Pseudomonas, and Endozoicomonas have protein-degrading functions in the intestines of various fish species. Aeromonas is a cellulose-degrading bacterium and can also secrete extracellular proteases. Furthermore, we found by functional prediction that the transport and metabolism of amino acids took the highest proportion of the functions, which implies that glass eels could consume more protein-rich components for food during migration. This study unveiled the diversified composition in intestinal microbiota of wild glass eels along offshore in East China, and provided a basis for studying the feeding habits and food composition of wild eels, as well as a reference for the design of bait for the artificial breeding of Japanese eel.