福建东山湾人工养殖池红树林浮岛养殖拟穴青蟹(Scylla paramamosain)的生长及肌肉营养成分分析

为探究海水养殖池塘红树林浮岛养殖拟穴青蟹(Scylla paramamosain)的生长及其与野生拟穴青蟹营养成分的差异,选择福建省漳浦县东山湾北部的海水养殖池塘内设置四个拟穴青蟹养殖实验组,分别为红树林(秋茄)浮岛养殖组、海马齿浮岛养殖组、空白浮岛养殖组(水面无种植植物)和外围环沟养殖组,并以试验点附近海区捕获的拟穴青蟹(野生组)作为对照,对各组拟穴青蟹的肌肉营养成分进行分析。结果显示,空白浮岛组拟穴青蟹增重率、特定生长率、出肉率及存活率均高于红树林浮岛组、海马齿浮岛组和外围环沟组;红树林浮岛养殖拟穴青蟹肌肉粗蛋白含量(71.66%)最高,粗脂肪含量(2.52%)相对较低,各组拟穴青蟹肌肉中氨基酸总量在60.54%～68.68%之间,其中红树林浮岛组拟穴青蟹肌肉中氨基酸总量、必需氨基酸总量上均显著高于野生组(P<0.05);从氨基酸评分(AAS)和化学评分(CS)结果可以得出拟穴青蟹的第一限制性氨基酸是蛋氨酸+胱氨酸,各组拟穴青蟹肌肉中必需氨基酸指数(EAAI)均高于0.75;肌肉中均富含不饱和脂肪酸,尤其是多不饱和脂肪酸;红树林浮岛组拟穴青蟹肌肉中多不饱和脂肪酸总量(ΣPUF...

STUDIES ON GROWTH AND NUTRIENT COMPOSITION OF SCYLLA PARAMAMOSAIN CULTURED IN FLOATING MANGROVE ISLAND, FUJIAN

To explore the difference in nutrient composition of Scylla paramamosain between wild and cultured (in mangrove floating island in mariculture ponds), four S. paramamosain breeding groups were set up for experiment in the north of Dongshan Bay, Fujian, South China. They were mangrove (Kandelia odovata) floating island culture group (MG), Sesuvium portulacastrum floating island culture group (SG), no-plant floating island culture group (NG), and peripheral ring ditch culture group (PG). The experiment lasted for 120 days. The muscle nutrients of wild S. paramamosain captured near the experimental site (wild group, WG) were analyzed and compared. Results show that the weight gain rate, specific growth rate, meat production rate, and survival rate of S. paramamosain in the BG were higher than those in the MG, SG, and PG. The crude protein content in muscle of all the four experimental groups was high (64.78%~71.66%), while the crude lipid content was low (2.48%~3.01%). The total amino acids in the muscle of S. paramamosain in MG ranged from 60.54% to 68.68%. The total amino acids and essential amino acids in muscle were significantly higher than those of WG (P < 0.05). Indicated by the amino acid score (AAS) and chemical score (CS), the first limiting amino acid was methionine + cystine, and the essential amino acid index (EAAI) of each group was above 0.75. Unsaturated fatty acids, especially polyunsaturated fatty acids, were abundant in all experimental groups; and those of MG were significantly higher than WG''s (P < 0.05).