塔克拉玛干沙漠南缘水资源开发与绿洲生态环境负效应

主要讨论塔克拉玛干沙漠南缘的自然环境特点、水资源及其开发利用，揭示在百年来气候变化和人类活动影响下，特别是近50年来，对沙漠南缘的生态脆弱带的绿洲产生明显的生态环境负效应，引起的生态环境退化极不利于区域可持续发展。为此需要从区域生态环境战略考虑，调整水资源配置和优化利用，实施天然绿洲与人工绿洲相应的保护和并重发展，逐步恢复天然绿洲的水分生态平衡。这样，才能遏制住强劲的区域土地退化态势，抵御沙漠化灾害，并走向良性循环。

Water Resources Utilization and Negative Eco-Environment Effect at the South Edge Oases of Taklimakan Desert

This paper mainly discusses the features of physical geographic environment, water resources and their development and use at the south edge of Taklimakan Dessert, the south region of Xinjiang, and reveals the obviously negative effect of oases eco environment at the ecological fragile zone of the edge occurred under the impact of climatic change and human activities since 1900, especially recent 50 years, the ecological environment deterioration resulted is extremely unfavorable for sustainable development of the region. Therefore, it is necessary to adjust the allocation and optimum utilization of water resources, carry out related protection and equal development for natural and artificial oases, restore the balance of natural oasis between water and ecology step by step. The serious status of eco environment deterioration could be controlled and desertification disasters could be withstood, then the regional environment will run into virtuous circulation.