A precessing jet model for the PN K 3 − 35: simulated radio-continuum emission |
| |
Authors: | Pablo F. Velá zquez,Yolanda Gó mez,Alejandro Esquivel, Alejandro C. Raga |
| |
Affiliation: | Instituto de Ciencias Nucleares, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Apartado Postal 70-543, CP 04 510, México D.F., México;Centro de Radioastronomía y Astrofísica, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Apdo. Postal 3-72 (Xangari), CP 58089, Morelia, Michoacán, México |
| |
Abstract: | The bipolar morphology of the planetary nebula (PN) K 3 − 35 observed in radio-continuum images was modelled with 3D hydrodynamic simulations with the adaptive grid code yguazú-a . We find that the observed morphology of this PN can be reproduced considering a precessing jet evolving in a dense AGB circumstellar medium, given by a mass-loss rate and a terminal velocity v w= 10 km s−1 . Synthetic thermal radio-continuum maps were generated from numerical results for several frequencies. Comparing the maps and the total fluxes obtained from the simulations with the observational results, we find that a model of precessing dense jets, where each jet injects material into the surrounding CSM at a rate (equivalent to a density of 8 × 104 cm−3), a velocity of 1500 km s−1, a precession period of 100 yr and a semi-aperture precession angle of 20° agrees well with the observations. |
| |
Keywords: | hydrodynamics methods: numerical ISM: planetary nebulae: individual K 3 − 35 ISM: jets and outflows radiation mechanisms: thermal |
|
|