象山港海岸带景观格局演化

海岸带景观格局演化分析对于理解人类活动与景观格局演化之间的关系,促进沿海地区的可持续发展具有重要意义。以1990、2000和2010年3期TM遥感影像为主要数据源,利用3S技术,分析了象山港海岸带景观类型及格局演化特征。结果表明:(1)20 a来林地、海域以及耕地面积下降,建设用地、水域、养殖用地及未利用地面积增加,滩涂面积先增加后减少。(2)斑块数量、斑块密度不断增加,平均斑块面积不断下降,斑块的边界密度和形态指数不断增加,景观的多样性指数和均匀度不断增加,景观异质性不断增强。(3)整体动态度呈现出上升趋势,人类开发利用活动力度的加大导致象山港海岸带景观变化更为频繁。(4)人文和自然因子的双重驱动,导致了象山港海岸带景观格局的演化。

Landscape pattern evolution of coastal zone around the Xiangshangang Bay

The analysis on the coastal landscape pattern evolution has great significance to understand the relationship between human activities and landscape pattern evolution, and to promote the sustainable development of coastal area. Based on the Landsat TM images of 1990, 2000 and 2010, landscape pattern evolution of coastal zone around the Xiangshangang Bay was analyzed by using “3S” techniques. The results showed as follows: (1) The areas of the woodland, the sea and the farmland decreased, while the construction land, water area, aquaculture land and unused land increased, and the area of beach increased at first and then decreased. (2) The patch number (NP), the patch density (PD) increased, the mean patch area (MPS) decreased, the perimeter density (ED) and the shape index (LSI) increased, Shannon's diversity index (SHDI) and Shannon's evenness index (SHEI) increased, and the landscape heterogeneity increased. (3) The whole dynamic degree showed a rising trend, and the landscape of coastal zone around the Xiangshangang Bay changed more frequently because of human activities intensity about development and utilization. (4) Human activities and natural factors led to the landscape pattern evolution of coastal zone around the Xiangshangang Bay.