大坝桥梁横向水平位移观测的研究

大坝、桥梁等长直线型建(构)筑物在外力的作用下,必将产生变形,对这种变形的观测和研究很重要,尤其是对横向水平位移的观测和研究更为重要。长期以来,观测大坝水平横向位移,都采用传统的小角度法和活动觇板法,这种方法都要求全长通视,而且进一步提高精度困难。本文提出连续中点法和悬挂导线法,不要求全长通视,不仅大大增加了适应性和灵活性,而且可以提高精度。文章详细介绍了所提方法的作业方法、计算公式和实验实例。

AN OBSERVATIONAL STUDY OF HORIZONTAL DISPLACEMENT IN CROSS DIRECTION OF DAMS AND BRIDGES

The linear dams and bridges as well as buildings will surely be deformed under the action of external force. It is very important that we study and observe their deformation, especially, the horizontal displacement in cross direction. Over a long period of time,the concerning surveyors have made use of dislacement-angle and moving-target from the readitional methods to measure the horizontal displacement of dams. These methods not only require to watch the surveyed section, but also promote higher accuracy. This paper puts forward the methods of continuous mid-point and suspended-lead. It improves not only adaptability and flexibility,but more accuracy. The paper introduces the working processes, the calculating formulas and the examples of experiments in detail.