老挝石和寿山石矿物学特征的差异性研究

以老挝石和寿山石的岩相学为基础，对其矿物学上的差异性进行了对比分析研究.重点用电子探针（EMPA）分析了老挝石和寿山石组成的化学元素种类及含量.用X射线粉晶衍射（XRD）分析了老挝石和寿山石的矿物组成.研究结果表明，老挝石和寿山石两者在矿物学上的差异主要体现在颜色、成分等方面，老挝石的颜色主要为红、白、粉，较少出现黄色，寿山石颜色丰富多彩，有红、白、粉、紫、黄、绿等，不同品种颜色差异较大.造成老挝石和寿山石颜色差异的主要原因为Fe元素含量的变化，Fe含量越高，颜色越深.老挝石和寿山石的主要矿物组成大致相同，主要由地开石、高岭石和珍珠陶石等组成，但两者在矿物组成含量及种类上略有差异.寿山石品种不同，矿物组成略有差异，如寿山虎口石中出现黄铁矿和叶蜡石，这在老挝石的研究中没有发现.

STUDY ON THE MINERALOGICAL DIFFERENCES BETWEEN LAOS STONE AND SHOUSHAN STONE

A comparative study on the mineralogical differences of Laos stone and Shoushan stone is conducted on the basis of their petrography. The electron microprobe and X-ray powder diffraction are used to analyze the types and contents of chemical elements in stone samples and mineral compositions respectively. The results show that the mineralogical differences mainly lie in colors and compositions. The colors of Laos stone are mainly red, white, pink, and rarely yellow; while those of Shoushan stone are greatly varied with red, white, pink, purple, yellow, green etc. for different varieties. The change of Fe content could account for the difference. The higher the Fe content is in the stone, the darker the color is. The major mineral compositions of both gemstones are roughly the same, mainly consisting of dickite, kaolinite and nacrite, yet slightly differ in mineral contents and types. The mineral compositions of different varieties of Shoushan stone have a little difference, for example, pyrite and pyrophyllite are occurred in Shoushan Hukou stone, which is not seen in Laos stone.