基于构造导向的叠后处理技术——以渤海湾盆地A油田为例

对地震资料进行叠后解释性处理时,往往只是单纯的数学运算很少受到地质条件的约束。当地下岩层为水平地层时,这种方法会获得较好的效果。但地下岩层具有一定的倾角,这时就可能会发生分辨率降低、信噪比下降或资料失真等现象。针对这个问题,引入构造导向体来约束叠后资料的处理过程。首先根据原始地震资料生成包含倾角和方位角信息的构造导向体;其次在构造导向体的控制下以相似性为判断条件对原始地震资料进行构造导向的中值滤波或扩散滤波;最后通过原始地震资料和相干体等对处理前、后的资料品质进行了综合的分析对比。方向信息的引入使运算沿着构造的走向进行,消除了地层倾斜的影响,最大程度保证资料真实性的同时使资料的品质得到极大地提高,有效指导了A油田井位的设计和实施。

Post-stack processing technology based on structure guided: a case study from a oilfield in Bohai bay basin

A simple mathematical operation without constraints of geology in the seismic post-stack processing is a pure operation. When the underground layer is relatively simple,this approach will get well results for the horizontal formation. But when the strata are inclined,the post-stack processing of seismic data often result in the lower resolution,the decrease of signal to noise ratio or the distortion of data. According to these problems,we use structure steering cube to constrain the processing of post stack data. First,we use the original seismic data to generate the structure steering cube which contains the strata's dip and azimuth information. Second,under the control of structure steering cube,we make median filter or diffusion filter to the original seismic data. It depends on the similarity of every sample point to choose which filtering method. Finally,the data's quality before and after processing is analyzed synthetically. The introduction of directional information makes the operation along the structure,so it could eliminate the influence of strata tilt. Through this method the seismic data quality is greatly improved,and it effectively guided the design and implementation of wells in an oilfield.