Laboratory experiments and field study for the detection and monitoring of potential seepage from CO2 storage sites |
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| Institution: | 1. Centre for Innovation in Carbon Capture and Storae (CICCS), School of Engineering and Physical Sciences & Institute of Petroleum Engineering, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh Campus, Edinburgh EH14 4AS, Scotland, U.K.;2. School of Geography, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, United Kingdom;1. Bureau of Economic Geology, The University of Texas at Austin, University Station, Box X, Austin, TX 78713, USA;2. ERDC International Research Office, 86-88 Blenheim Crescent, Ruislip HA4 7HB, UK;3. U.S Geological Survey, Menlo Park, CA 94205, USA;1. Idaho National Laboratory, 1955 N. Fremont Avenue, P.O. Box 1625, Idaho Falls, ID 83402, USA;2. University of Idaho, Department of Mechanical Engineering and Nuclear Engineering Program, 1776 Science Center Drive, Idaho Falls, ID 83402-1575, USA;3. University of Idaho, Department of Computer Science, 1776 Science Center Drive, Idaho Falls, ID 83402-1575, USA;1. State Key Laboratory of Hydraulic Engineering Simulation and Safety, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China;2. Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Ship and Deep-Sea Exploration, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China;1. Pennsylvania State University, John and Willie Leone Family Department of Energy and Mineral Engineering, University Park, PA 16802, USA;2. Middle East Technical University, Northern Cyprus Campus, Petroleum and Natural Gas Engineering Program, Mersin 10 99738, Turkey |
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| Abstract: | Potential CO2 seepages from geological storage sites or from the injection rig may affect the surrounding environment. To develop reliable detection techniques for such seepages a laboratory rig was designed that is composed of three vertical Plexiglas columns. The columns can be filled with sediments and water; CO2 can be injected from the bottom. Two columns are used to simulate the impact of CO2 on soils; while the third one, which is larger in size, simulates CO2 seepage in aquatic environments. The main results of the laboratory experiments indicate that increased levels of CO2 generate a quick drop in pH. Once the seepage is stopped, a partial recovery towards the initial values of pH is recorded. The outcomes of the laboratory experiments on the aquatic seepage are compared with observations from a submarine natural emission of CO2. In this natural underwater seepage multi-parametric probes and laboratory analysis were used to analyze the composition and the chemical effects of the emitted gas; basic acoustic techniques were tested as tools for the prompt detection of CO2 bubbles in water. |
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