Tracers – Past,present and future applications in CO2 geosequestration |
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Institution: | 1. Cooperative Research Centre for Greenhouse Gas Technologies CO2CRC, Ground Floor, NFF House, 14-16 Brisbane Ave., Barton, ACT 2600, Australia;2. CSIRO Earth Science and Resource Engineering, PO Box 1130, Bentley, WA 6102, Australia;3. University of Western Australia, School of Biomedical, Biomolecular and Chemical Sciences, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia;4. CSIRO Earth Science and Resource Engineering, Private Bag 10, Clayton South, Victoria 3169, Australia;5. National Measurement Institute, 26 Dick Perry Avenue, Kensington, WA 6151, Australia |
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Abstract: | Chemical tracers have been used in various C capture and storage (CCS) projects worldwide primarily to provide information regarding subsurface migration of CO2 and to verify CO2 containment. Understanding the movement and interactions of CO2 in the subsurface is a challenging task considering the variety of states in which it exists (i.e. gas, liquid, supercritical, dissolved in water) and the range of possible storage mechanisms (i.e. residual or capillary trapping, dissolved in water, structural trapping or incorporation into minerals). This paper critically reviews several chemical tracer applications and case studies for CCS projects. In many instances, there are parallels (e.g. tracer classes and applications) between tracers in the oil and gas industry and in CCS. It has been shown that chemical tracers can complement geophysical measurements (e.g. seismic) in understanding the formation behaviour of CO2. Although tracers have been successfully used in many CCS projects, some fundamental information, for example partitioning and adsorption, about the behaviour of tracers is still lacking and this can be an issue when interpreting tracer data (e.g. determining leakage rates). In this paper the deployment and recovery of chemical tracers and their use on various CCS projects are described. |
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