地下水水质检测中质量异议问题的原因分析

通过对国土资源部某专业实验测试中心10年质量异议资料的分析，总结了地下水水质检测中容易产生质量异议的检测参数，分析了这些参数的特点，探讨了质量异议产生的原因和预防措施。1991～2000年问该实验室共有H2SiO3、Sr、NO2^-、I^-、SO4^2-等12项检测参数出现质量异议，大多为水文地质、水文地球化学、地下水环境质量研究和地下水开发利用所关心的关键参数。产生质量异议的原因多种多样，主要有委托方主观判断错误和在样品采集与运输过程中造成的污染、检测人员技术失误和疏忽、水样本身等原因。减少质量异议的有效措施包括选择合适的测试方法、严格的校审制度及提高取样质量等。

Discussion on Dissents in the Results of Groundwater Sample Analysis

In this paper, the dissents in groundwater analytical data from a ministerial professional laboratory during 1991 to 2000 were summarized. The factors resulting in the dissents, their characteristics and causes, as well as prevention measures were discussed. During the 10 years, dissents of 12 parameters (analytes) including H2SiO3, Sr, NO2-, I-, SO42- and etc. were found and most of the parameters are very important in research of hydrogeology, hydro-geochemistry, groundwater environment and groundwater exploration. The major factors resulting in the anlytical data dissents come from client's misjudgement, sample contamination, analysts' unintentional or faulty in sample analysis and so on. Improving sampling quality, choosing proper analytical techniques and methods, enhancing quality control in each step were effective approaches to reduce dissents.