四种缘毛目纤毛虫的超微结构观察

为对相关研究提供基础性资料，应用透射电镜技术对4种缘毛目纤毛虫(双缘聚缩虫、羽状聚缩虫、共栖聚缩虫类似种和拟杯状伪钟虫)迄今不甚明了的部分超微结构进行了观察。结果表明：(1)在光镜下不同外观的表膜显示了基本相似的超微结构：均由3层单位膜(细胞膜和表膜泡内、外膜)构成，差别仅在于表膜泡的厚度有所不同。(2)大核均为致密性核。核内染色质呈团块状密集排布，核仁数目较少，为椭球状或球状；小核也为致密性结构，染色质呈不规则的凝聚态。(3)帚胚由双层的原生质膜和穿越双层膜并排列紧密的毛基体以及位于中心的肌丝组成。(4)柄内具众多均匀分布、平行于柄肌的微管；柄肌由双层膜包被，其内一侧为高度凝聚的肌丝，另一侧则分布有众多的线粒体。

On the Ultrastructure of Four Peritrichous Ciliates (Ciliophora, Peritrichida)

The ultrastructure of four peritrichous ciliates, Zoothamnium duplicatum Kahl, 1933, Z. plumula Kahl, 1933, Z. cf. commune Kahl, 1933 and Pseudovorticella paracratera Ji et al., 2003, was observed via transmission electronic microscopy. The results demonstrate that: (1) The pellicles of different appearances under light microscope have similar cortical structure: conspicuous pellicular alveolus (consisting of ecto- and endo-membrane) and the cell membrane; (2) in the macronucleus, the nucleoli are oval or global and the chromatin is agglomerated, while in the micronucleus the chromatin is irregularly shaped; (3) the scopula is composed of double-layered plasmalemma with many kinetosomes and center-positioned spasmoneme; (4) in the stalk, the spasmoneme extends to the basal part, with some mitochondria on one side and covered by double-layered plasmalemma. The microtubules are parallel to the spasmoneme and evenly arranged.