自动气象站各气象要素现场校准时段的选择

选取山东有代表性的5个台站2005年9个月的自动站资料进行统计，得出其主要气象要素日极值在各时间点上的分布情况。结合每一要素的校准时间长度和台站的发报时次及内容，对各气象要素的校准时段进行了分析。结果表明，各气象要素最佳校准时段：湿度为8-10时，浅层地温为14-17时30分，深层地温为8-11时30分，风向风速为8-9时30分或16时30分-18时，气压为11-12时30分，蒸发为8-8时30分或17时30分-18时。据此合理安排自动站现场校准时各气象要素的校准时间和次序，可使校准工作对自动站数据的影响降到最小。

Selection of On-the-spot Calibration Time Interval for Various Meteorological Elements of AWS

On the basis of the 9-month observational data from five representative AWS in 2005,daily extremum distributions of main meteorological elements were obtained by the statistical method.Calibration period of various meteorological elements is studied by analyzing calibration time span and data transmitting schedule.The results show that the optimal calibration period of various meteorological elements is as follows:humidity:8:00-11:00,fleet soil temperature:14:00-17:30,deep-seated soil temperature:8:00-11:30,wind direction and wind speed:8:00-9:30 or 16:30-18:00,barometric pressure:11:00-12:30,evaporation:8:00-8:30 or 17:30-18:00.These results will help to revise the schedule of on-the-spot calibration of AWS,and reduce the influence of calibration operation on AWS observation.