我国矿产资源可持续利用对策

矿产资源是不可再生的稀缺资源。本文综述了我国33种主要矿产的供需现状，通过对主要矿产90年代初静态保证年限与2010年预测需求保证年限计算结果对比分析，认为未来30—50年内我国矿产资源中对经济建设起重要作用的部分大宗矿产面临的短缺问题较为严重，必须尽快寻找和采取有效的可持续利用对策，并分类提出和论述了我国能源矿产、金属矿产及非金属矿产实现可持续利用应采取的基本对策。

THE COUNTERMEASURE OF MINERALS RESOURCES SUSTAINED UTILIZATION OF CHINA

Minerals resources is non-regenerative natural resources. The paper summarizes supply and demand existing state of 33 kinds of important minerals of China. By means of contrasting the demand assured years of 33 kinds of important minerals in 2010 with the static state years of them in 1992 , the author thinks that China will exist critical short problem of minerals during 30 or 50 years in future, especially some kinds of a large amount of consumption minerals playing an important rule in economic development, such as oil and gas,iron, chromium, copper, srlhur, sylvite etc. Therefore, China should take the effective countermeasure of sustained utilization minerals resources as early as possible. The author's suggestion as follows:The countermeasure of sustained utilization of energy minerals includes developing and spreading clean coal technology (CCT),strengthening exploration work of oil and gas,bringing their sustained utiliztion into the global system of resources accounting,economizing energy and enhancing the rate of its utilization, paying attention to development and utilization of new energy and regenerative energy.The ones of metal minerals include decreasing economic grade of metal minerals by means of development and application of new technology, enhancing the output of regenerative metal by way of strengthening resourcezation utilization of waste metal material, developing and applying replaceable production,speeding up the process of economic development and passing through the epoch of mechanical manufacture industry as quickly as possible.The countermeasure of non-metal minerals includes enlarging resources exploration deserves and useful fields by means of studying, developing and importing new technology of low grade phosphorus and suphur utilization, advancing recovery technology of phosphorus and potassium from rich-nrtrtious water, making use of organic fertilizer and returning plant stallks and leaves into farmland to improve the soil, importing sylvite to satisfy demestic demand.