A Combined Three-Dimensional Geological-Geostatistical-Numerical Model of Underground Excavations in Rock |
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Authors: | M Stavropoulou G Exadaktylos G Saratsis |
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Institution: | (1) Department of Dynamic, Tectonic and Applied Geology, Faculty of Geology and Geoenvironment, University of Athens, Greece;(2) Department of Mineral Resources Engineering, Technical University of Crete, Chania, Greece |
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Abstract: | Summary. This paper exploits geological and borehole geotechnical data obtained in the exploratory phase of a tunneling project to
investigate in a first place if the kriging interpolation scheme may effectively reproduce the spatial variability of rock
mass quality (Rock Mass Rating, RMR) in the vicinity of tunnels. For this purpose a quick solver in Fortran has been developed
that performs variography analysis of 3D spatial data, fast kriging estimations of RMR between borehole sampling locations
at the centroids of the elements of the numerical model, and model validation. For the purpose of an integrated underground
excavation design, a step further is made by incorporating into the 3D mechanical numerical model of the rock mass, the three-dimensional
(3D) solid geological model, thus coupling the geology with the ground (geotechnical) model (i.e. each element of the numerical
model is assigned a geological material). The mechanical properties of each finite difference cell (or Representative Elementary
Volume) of the ground model were then prescribed according to its geological type, the spatial heterogeneity of the rock mass
expressed quantitatively with the kriging model, and the upscaling calculations of the mechanical properties of the intact
rocks determined in the laboratory, based on the size-effect (strength dependence on size) and Damage Theory. Furthermore,
a preliminary numerical simulation of the advance of unsupported tunnels in the model of the heterogeneous rock mass was performed
for illustration purposes. |
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Keywords: | : Geostatistics kriging tunneling numerical modeling rock mass heterogeneity damage size effect RMR |
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