花岗岩与大地构造

花岗岩(广义)是地球有别于其它星球及地球上大陆地壳有别于大洋地壳的物质标志,是大陆上分布最广的岩石之一。在已有研究基础上,本文系统阐述了花岗岩大地构造的内涵、研究思路、研究内容和发展方向。花岗岩大地构造将花岗岩视为一种构造标志体、地质体,是从花岗岩角度,探索解决大地构造问题,其研究内容可概括为物理特性(构造)、物质组成(岩石地化)和年代学三大方面,具体研究内容包括:(1)巨量花岗岩浆侵位的物理特性变化及其构造意义,包括岩浆上升迁移、汇聚定位及岩体(带)形成/构建过程;(2)花岗岩体变形改造及其构造意义;(3)花岗岩物源与大陆生长及深部结构,以新老物质组成,划分造山带类型;(4)巨型花岗岩带发育过程与大陆聚散,探索超大陆和中小板块聚散的岩浆响应。花岗岩大地构造丰富了大地构造研究内容,也有助深化花岗岩体(带)形成、发育过程和构造背景的认识。它的提出是当今地球科学学科交叉、融合发展的必要。

Granitoid and tectonics

Granitoids are currently known to exist only on the Earth, and form a major part of the continental crust, distinguishing the earth from other planets and the continental crust from the oceanic crust. Combined with previous studies, this paper introduces the "Granitic tectonics" and expounds its connotation, research approaches and contents, and the direction. It regards granitoid as a tectonic and geological indicator, and aims at exploring solutions to tectonic problems, from the perspective of granitoids. Research contents mainly include physical properties (structure), compositions (petrogeochemistry) and geochronology. (1) Physical property and tectonic significance of emplacement of voluminous granitic magmas, including magma ascent, migration and emplacement, as well as constructions of plutons and plutonic belts; (2) deformations of granitoid pluton and the tectonic significance; (3) source of granitic magma and continental growth, as well as deep structures to divide orogenic types in light of volume of juvenile and old compositions, and (4) relation between the formation of giant granitic belts and the movement of continents, to trace the magmatic response to the assemblage and breakup of supercontinents and medium to small plates. Studies on granitoid geodynamics would be able to enrich geotectonic research, which also lead to a new understanding of the generation, development processes and tectonic settings of granitoid plutons/belts. It is necessary for multidisciplinary integration of Earth sciences.