贵州乌蒙山区资源相对承载力的时空动态变化

贵州乌蒙山区是国家划定的18片贫困区之一,随着人口增长和社会经济发展的加速,山区人地资源矛盾日趋突出,已严重阻碍了乌蒙山区社会经济的可持续发展。运用并改进了相对资源承载力的研究思路和计算方法,研究了1995~2006年贵州乌蒙山区自然资源、经济资源、生活水平的相对承载力和综合承载力的时空动态变化过程。对于认清和把握乌蒙山区资源承载力变化规律,完善山区资源环境承载力研究成果具有重要指导意义。研究表明:贵州乌蒙山区人口严重超载,而承载人口的主要资源为土地资源,经济资源和生活水平承载力偏低;相对资源承载力空间差异显著,绝大多数县域综合承载力均处于超载状态。

Tempo-spatial analysis of the relative carrying capacity of population and resources in Wumeng mountainous areas of Guizhou

The Wumeng mountainous areas of Guizhou are one of the largest poverty-stricken belts in China. With the development of social economy and the increase of population, the problems concerning population, resources and environment have been increasingly serious, which has greatly influenced and obstructed sustainable development in this region. The ideas and research methods about the relative carrying capacity of resources were used in this paper. The spatial-temporal dynamic simulation of relative carrying capacity of natural, economic resources, living standard and synthetic capacity was computed in Wumeng mountainous areas based on the statistical data during the period 1995-2006. The results are as follows: (1) Population has been severely overloaded in this region. (2) Land is the main resource which can carry population. (3) Carrying capacity of economic resources and living standards need to be enhanced. (4) The difference among the carrying capacity of the different parts of Wumeng mountainous areas was obvious. (5) Most of the synthetic carrying capacity at county level is in an overload condition. The results are of significance to understand the law of change of carrying capacity of resources, and to identify the main restraining factors of economic development in this region, and to implement the strategy for regional sustainable development.