基于不同主体的城镇人居环境要素需求特征——以广州市新塘镇为例

从城镇人居环境特点及不同主体的需求出发,构建了一套包括5个综合指标项和32个要素的城镇人居环境指标体系。以广州市新塘镇为例,通过问卷调查和非参数检验分析,揭示了不同主体人居环境要素需求特征;运用相关分析、聚类分析探讨了城镇人居环境要素需求差异性影响因素及不同群体要素需求的空间差异。结果表明:受访者对闲暇活动等10个要素的需求表现出差异性,对生活能源等22个要素的需求表现出共性;居住时间和经济状况对不同主体人居环境要素需求的差异性影响最大。同时结合4个类群主体的差异性环境要素需求和空间分布特征,提出了新塘镇未来人居环境优化应该重点建设的内容。

Empirical research of urban human settlement environment elements based on the needs of different subjects:A case study of Xintang Town,Guangzhou

An urban human settlement environment index system which includes 5 comprehensive indexes (living relevance, living convenience, residential security, environmental comfort and the health of environment), and 32 components were set up based on the requirements of different subjects. Taking Xintang Town of Guangzhou City as an example, this paper revealed the requirement characteristics of human settlement environment elements of different subjects with questionnaire surveys and non-parameter test analysis, and discussed the impact factors and space distribution of settlement environment elements of different groups with correlation analysis and cluster analysis. The research demonstrates that: interviewees had differences in the demand for 10 elements, while 22 elements in common. In the 22 elements in common, interviewees’ demand for 7 elements, for example, neighborhoods have been basically met, while the demands for the other 15 elements such as traffic safety have not been satisfied. In the social and economic attributes, the residential time influences most of the 10 elements in difference (the 9th), while the gender influences least (the 3rd). There is a maximum of correlation between leisure-time activities, commercial outlets, acoustic environment and age, and a maximum of correlation between housing types, recreational facilities, atmosphere environment, environmental pollution control, green space in urban and rural areas, the effect of environmental publicity and residential time. In 4 groups, highly-educated groups mostly focus on leisure-time activities and atmosphere, while high-income groups show great concern on environmental pollution control, green space in urban and rural areas, and the effect of environmental publicity. Low-income groups mostly focus on housing types, recreational facilities, ways to travel and acoustic environment, while low-educated groups are mostly concerned about commercial outlets.