结节区视角下江苏省区域空间结构演化研究——对区域共振轴结构模式的探讨

长时间序列的区域空间结构的演化规律, 一直是空间结构模式分析中的薄弱环节, 而历史过程的长时段分析, 有助于对区域空间结构现状研判和对未来优化提供科学支撑。本文从结节区的视角, 对江苏省域地区过去2800 年间发展轴线产生、发展、主导、跃迁的全过程进行系统解析。选取春秋、隋、元、今4 个时点作点-轴、双核型空间结构的横向比较, 认为存在4 个发展阶段:春秋至南北朝、隋至南宋、元至清、民国至今;其中, 元至清和民国至今阶段, 分别发现区域发展中存在双核共振轴、港城共振轴现象。共振轴结构模式指区域中心城市(或市区)轴与门户港城(或港口县域)轴及其交通链接所形成的一种空间结构现象, 存在于过渡型区域发展背景下的沿江与沿海区域。最后, 从城市职能的变迁、点-轴型发展轴的跃迁、现代交通线的布局、相邻区域(上海)4 方面对江苏省区域空间结构的演化机理进行分析。

Evolution of spatial structure of Jiangsu Province from nodal region perspective: Discovery of regional resonant axis structural models

Study on the mechanism of how a regional spatial structure evolves in long time series has been a weak link of the process of discovering a spatial structural model, nonetheless the analysis of historical causes in long time series is important for assessing the current status of a regional spatial structure and provides a scientific basis for optimizing it in the future. From the perspective of the nodal region, this paper presents a systematic analysis of the whole dynamic of the progression axis of the region of Jiangsu Province as a“Pole-Axis” structural model since B.C.770, including its formation, development, dominance, and transition. In addition, based on empirical analysis of four eras of the history, including the Spring and Autumn Period, the Sui Dynasty, the Yuan Dynasty, and Present time, a lateral comparison is conducted between the“Pole-Axis”structural model and“Dual-Nuclei”structural model. The analysis indicates that the regional development could be divided into four periods: from the Spring and Autumn Period to the North-South Dynasties, from the Sui Dynasty to the South Song Dynasty, from Yuan Dynasty to Qing Dynasty, and from Republic era to now, which led to the discovery of the phenomenon of“Dual-nuclei Resonant Axis”in the third period, and“Port-City Resonant Axis” in the fourth period. The“Resonant Axis”structure is a spatial structure composed of an axis of regional central cities and an axis of major port cities (or prefecture-level port cities) connected by transportation networks along river and coastal areas, during a transition stage of development. Furthermore, the paper analyzes the mechanism of the evolution of the spatial structure of Jiangsu Province region from the four aspects: change of cities’functions, transition of the“Pole-Axis”system, layout of modern transportation networks, and the adjacent region (Shanghai).