Rare earth elements and yttrium in lithotypes of Bulgarian coals |
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| Institution: | 1. State Key Laboratory of Coal Resources and Safe Mining, China University of Mining and Technology, China;2. School of Resources and Geosciences, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China;3. Geosciences Department, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX, USA;1. Institute for Energy Studies, University of North Dakota, 2844 Campus Road Stop 8153, Grand Forks, ND 58202-8153, United States;2. Microbeam Technologies Incorporated, 4200 James Ray Drive, Ste 193, Grand Forks, ND 58202, United States;3. Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, 902 Battelle Blvd, Richland, WA 99354, United States;4. Barr Engineering Company, 3128 14th Ave. E., Hibbing, MN 55746, United States |
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| Abstract: | Rare earth element and yttrium abundances in vitrain, xylain, liptain, fusain and whole coal samples from Bulgarian coal deposits have been studied. Vitrain, xylain, and liptain are depleted, while fusain is enriched in REE and Y as compared to the whole coal samples from which they were selected. Chondrite-normalized patterns show relative enrichment of light (LREE) against heavy (HREE) rare earth elements, negative Eu anomaly, and positive Lu anomaly. The shale-normalized patterns of the lithotypes reveal an increase from LREE to HREE, while those of the whole coal samples and mineral interlayers are less fractionated. The petrographic composition of the coals is of secondary importance for the concentration of the REE and Y. The main factors are the source area and the input of dissolved REE and Y into the coal depositional sites. |
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