微生物岩研究的发展与展望

概述了微生物岩的定义、研究范围和实用意义；划分了早期启蒙阶段、古生物学派与现实主义（沉积）学派对立阶段、比较现实主义（沉积学）阶段和微生物沉积学阶段等４个研究发展阶段（涉及微生物岩的岩石、微生物、生态系、环境、分类和演化）；介绍了微生物礁丘、热泉沉积和磷铁锰微生物岩等研究热点；指出在构造类型、沉积环境、组成岩石和成因标志等方面的发展趋势；提出当前任务是要分析鉴定微生物岩的细菌化石，微生物成因的结构构造和矿物，标志元素、同位素和生物标志物，以及微生物生态系统和成岩成矿机理.

DEVELOPMENT AND PERSPECTIVE OF RESEARCH FOR MICROBOLITES

This paper briefs the difinition of microbolite, its research content and practical significance, divides the research history into four developmental stages,i. e.the early enlightment, controversy between palaeontologic school and actualism(sedimentary) schoo, comparative actualism(sedimentology) and microbial sedimentology, refering to the rocks, microbes, ecosystems, environments, classification and evolution of microbolites. The hot research topics of nowadays,which are microbial reefs and mounds, travertine deposits and P, Fe, Mn microbolites are also introduced.And points out developing trends about structure type,sedimentary environment,component rock and genetic index. Finally,suggests that the facing tasks are to analyse and identify fossil bacteria, microbial textures,structures and minerals, indicator elements, isotopes and biomarkers, as well as microbial ecosystems and lithogenetic and oreforming mechanisms.