澳大利亚稀土矿床主要类型及其成矿特征

澳大利亚稀土矿资源丰富，类型多样。通过对澳大利亚170余处稀土矿床地质特征的总结，将澳大利亚稀土矿床划分为4个主要类型和13个亚类。主要类型为与岩浆活动有关的稀土矿床、与沉积盆地有关的稀土矿床、与近代河流和滨海砂矿有关的稀土矿床和与表生风化作用有关的稀土矿床，并对每个亚类型矿床的分布特征、成矿时代和地质特征进行了总结。在此基础上，根据澳大利亚稀土矿床的地质背景、成矿特征等因素，初步划分出9个主要的稀土矿床矿集区，并从商业价值和资源潜力角度分别对矿集区的找矿潜力进行分析，综合认为H和E区是下一步进行矿业投资的良好对象。

Types and Metallogenic characteristics of rare earth deposits in Australia

Australia has very rich and varied types of rare earth resources. Based on the summarization of the geological characteristics of 170 rare earth ore deposits in Australia, the authors divided theses deposits into four main types and thirteen subtypes. The four main types include ore deposits related to magmatic activities, ore deposits related to the sedimentary basin, ore deposits related to modem rivers and coastal placer, and ore deposits related to supergene soil weathering. The authors also summarized the distribution characteristics of ore deposits of each type, their metallogenic epoch and geological characteristics. On such a basis and through an analysis of such factors as geological backgrounds and metallogenic characteristics of the rare earth deposits, the authors preliminarily delineated nine major rare earth ore concentrqation areas and analyzed the commercial value and resource potential of these areas. It is held that H and E areas are favorable areas for the next step mining investment.