海带浸泡液腐植质的分离及其性质

对海带综合利用生产中剩下的浓缩浸泡液所含腐植质进行了分离,并对分离出的腐植酸、富里酸和乙醇可溶物三级分做了化学表征和性质研究,包括三级分的得率、紫外和红外光谱分析,元素、官能团、氨基酸和总糖含量分析,分子量分布,以及它们对鱼卵生长和褐藻酸钠粘度的影响。

THE ISOLATION AND PROPERTIES OF HUMIC SUBSTRANCES FROM THE MACERATED LIQUOR OF LAMINARIA JAPONICA

A large amount of brownish mother liquor, remained after isolation of iodine and man-nitol from the concentrated macerated liquor of Laminaria japonica, was not of any use up to date in the comprehensive utilization industry of Laminaria.This study deals with the isolation of humic substances from the macerated liquor, the chemical characterization of the fractions isolated and the determination of their properties.1. The humic substances were adsorbed on the China-made adsorption resin GDX-102,eluted with alkali and ethanol successively and fractionated into three fractions--humicacid (HA), fulvic acid (FA), and ethanol-soluble matter (ES). The yield of HA, FA and ES was ca. 0.04%, 0.12% and 0.035% of the weight of macerated liquor, respectively.2. All three fractions exhibited the UV absorption maximum at 205nm. The IR spectra of HA and FA are somewhat close to those of sea water and soil, but in the spectrum of FA some absorption peaks appear more distinctly.3. The elements and functional groups of the fractions were analyzed. The total amino acid contents of the fractions range between 13% and 18% of the dry weight, 6-10 times higher than the content of those in seawater. The total carbohydrates reach 11%, 10 and 2 times higher than HA and FA, respectively.4. The distribution of molecular weight in the fractions determined using Sephadex filtration method showed that both HA and FA gave a similar pattern, being ca. 20% in<700, and 33-38% in <1 500, while ES gave a lower molecular weight range than HA and FA, being 53% in< 700 and 75% in <1 500. . :5. FA fraction exhibited more remarkable inhibition effect on the hatching of amphio-xus eggs, while HA and ES showed almost no effect. The addition, of HA and FA to the al-ginate solutions caused a remarkable depression on the viscosity, and especially in the presence of alkali, while ES gave only slight effect on the viscosity.