某储油库地下水有机污染健康风险评价

本文以USEPA推荐使用的污染场地健康风险评价方法为基础,结合污染场地实际情况,分析、评价了某储油库地下水有机污染对场址内暴露人群造成的健康风险.评价结果表明:该储油库地下水有机污染物为1,2-二氯乙烷、苯、三氯甲烷和甲苯.污染场址内的工人和居民受到的非致癌风险均小于1.在可接受范围;而污染对场址内的工人和居民产生的致癌风险较大,分别为1.7×10-4、9.0×10-3,是不可接受的.产生致癌风险的主要污染物为1,2-二氯乙烷,占总致癌风险的99.80%,可致人产生多种形态的肿瘤,并具有潜在的遗传毒性.主要暴露途径是吸入吸收,占总致癌风险比例大于70%,其次为口人吸收.皮肤接触暴露途径产生的致癌风险较小,占总致癌风险比例小于1%.

The Health Risk Assessment of Groundwater Organic Pollution at a Certain Oil Depot

Based on the evaluation method for health risks of contaminated sites recommended by USEPA, in combination with the actual situation of the contaminated site, the authors analyzed and evaluated the health risk of groundwater organic pollution at a certain oil depot. The result shows that the organic pollutants in groundwater of the oil depot include 1,2-dichloroethane, benzene, chloroform and toluene. The non-carcinogenic risk suffered by the workers and residents in the contaminated site is less than 1, which is in the acceptable range. Nevertheless, the workers and residents in the contaminated site suffered a relatively high cancer risk, being 1.7×10-4 and 9.0×10-3, respectively, which are unacceptable. The 1,2-dichloroethane is a major pollutant of carcinogenic risk, accounting for 99.80% of the total cancer risk. It may cause many forms of cancer, and has the potential genetic toxicity. The main exposure way is the inhalation absorption, which accounts for more than 70% of the total cancer risk, followed by oral absorption. The carcinogenic risk via the dermal pathway is negligible, which is less than 1% of the total cancer risk.