Sulfur isotope ratios of Icelandic lava incrustations and volcanic gases |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Earth Sciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EQ, UK;2. School of Earth Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1RJ, UK;3. Leibniz Universität Hannover, Institut für Mineralogie, 30167 Hannover, Germany;4. Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München, 80333 München, Germany;5. Department of Earth Sciences, Durham University, Durham DH1 3LE, UK;6. Manchester X-ray Imaging Facility, School of Materials, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK;1. Emeritus, School of the Environment, WA State University, Pullman 99164, USA;2. Emeritus, Department of Anthropology, WA State University, Pullman 99164, USA;3. Department of Biology, Ecological and Environmental Change Group, Bergen University, Norway |
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| Abstract: | Sulfur isotope ratios were measured in eight lava incrustations and three volcanic gas samples and their corresponding lava flows. The lava incrustations of sulfate composition are from five recent eruptions and occur as thenardite or as aphtitalite-thenardite mixtures, with abundant trace elements. The incrustations show small sulfur isotope fractionation of 1–2‰ compared with corresponding lavas and the volcanic gas samples. The sulfate incrustations are formed through oxidation of SO2 from the emitted volcanic gas and subsequent reaction with metal halides. The volcanic gas samples show a distribution of decreasing δ34S through time from +3.4 to −1.8‰; sulfate was preferentially degassed compared to sulfide. The data indicate that sulfate incrustations serve as a late-stage volcanic gas sample with respect to sulfur isotopes. |
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