天津市地面沉降的特征及其危害

天津是我国北方地面沉降最严重的城市之一,40余年的持续沉降不仅直接造成对安全高程、市政基础设施、房屋等建筑物的破坏,而且还通过安全高程的损失加剧了其他自然灾害的发生,使社会经济遭受严重损失.正确认识天津市地面沉降的特点及其危害,有利于控沉部门制定科学而有效的地面沉降减灾防灾政策和措施.基于对地面沉降所造成的危害分析和阐述,认为不合理开发地下流体资源是导致天津市地面沉降的主要原因,并提出相应预防和治理地面沉降的对策.

FEATURE OF THE LAND SUBSIDENCE AND ITS DAMAGE IN TIANJIN CITY

Tianjin is one of the cities in the north of China where the land subsidence has most seriously developed. The land subsidence, which has been lasting for 40 years, has not only caused the safe altitudes, houses, infrastructures and other buildings to be ruined directly, but also destroyed the development of the social economy indirectly by activating the other natural disaster because of the decrease of land altitudes. Therefore, we should recognize the features of the land subsidence and the damages caused by the calamity in Tianjin. It is beneficial for our government and the society to take the effective preliminary to minimize the losses. The author analyzed the hazards caused by land subsidence and thought that overexploitation of the ground water is the cause of the land subsidence.