Gravitationless black holes |
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Authors: | Email author" target="_blank">T?X?ZhangEmail author |
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Institution: | 1.Alabama A & M University,Normal,USA |
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Abstract: | A gravitationless black hole model is proposed in accord with a five-dimensional fully covariant Kaluza-Klein (K-K) theory
with a scalar field, which unifies the four-dimensional Einsteinian general theory of relativity and Maxwellian electromagnetic
theory. It is shown that a dense compact core of a star, when it collapses to a critical density, suddenly turns off or shields
its gravitational field. The core, if its mass exceeds an upper limit, directly collapses into a black hole. Otherwise, the
extremely large pressure, as the gravity is turned off, immediately stops the collapse and drives the mantle material of supernova
moving outward, which leads to an impulsive explosion and forms a neutron star as a remnant. A neutron star can further evolve
into a black hole when it accretes enough matter from a companion star such that the total mass exceeds a lower limit. The
black hole in the K-K theory is gravitationless at the surface because the scalar field is infinitely strong, which varies
the equivalent gravitational constant to zero. In general, a star, at the end of its evolution, is relatively harder to collapse
into a gravitationless K-K black hole than a strong gravitational Schwarzschild black hole. This is consistent with the observation
of some very massive stars to form neutron stars rather than expected black holes. In addition, the gravitationless K-K black
hole should be easier to generate jets than a Schwarzschild black hole. |
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