沿海工业城市灰霾天气增多与海盐气溶胶粒子的关系

我国28年前在粉尘污染时代建立的空气质量评价体系，已经远远不能描述新型复合空气污染类型，尤其是不能描述细粒子污染的情况，能见度（vis）的恶化主要与细粒子的质量浓度关系比较大，而与气溶胶的质量浓度关系不大。vis与PM2.5，尤其是PM1有非常好的关系，因而目前用vis来描述灰霾天气是最好的指标。2008年珠三角灰霾的减少与大气环流形势有关，东亚环流径向度较大，冷空气影响岭南地区较为频繁；与2008年下半年爆发的金融海啸引发的加工业开工不足、物流减少亦有关联；另外各级政府对大气环境的治理收到成效也是灰霾天气减少的重要原因。尤其值得注意的是沿海工业城市灰霾天气增长较快，沿海工业城市灰霾天气增多与海盐气溶胶粒子的氯损耗机制关系密切。

The Relationships between Increased Haze Weather in Coastal Industrial Cities and Sea Salt Aerosol Particles

An assessment system for air quality in China, which was designed for dust pollution 28 years ago, has been too far away from correctly describing the presently existing complex air pollution particularly with regard to fine particle pollution. The worsening of visibility is closely related to the concentration of fine part.ides, and does not have much to do with the mass concentration of aerosol. Visibility responds well with PM2.5, especially PM1, making it the best indicator for haze weather. The decrease of haze in Pearl River Delta in 2008 was due to （i） the general circulation, which was marked by large longitudinal magnitude in East Asia and frequent activities of cold air affecting areas south of the Nauling Mts. , （ii） the decreased work hours and material flow in the processing industries resulting from the financial tsunami setting off in the latter half of 2008, and （iii） the efficient policies of atmospheric environmental governance by local governments at all levels. It is especially noteworthy that haze weather grows rather quickly in coastal industrial cities, which is mostly caused by the mechanism of chlorine loss in sea salt aerosol.