Spatial distribution of archaeological sites in lakeshore of Chaohu Lake in China based on GIS |
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Authors: | Chao Gao Xinyuan Wang Tong Jiang Gaojie Jin |
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Institution: | [1]State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China [2]College of Territorial Resources and Tourism, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241000, China [3]Centre on Climate Change, China Meteorological Administration, Beijing 100081, China [4]Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China |
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Abstract: | There are about 19 Neolithic Age sites and 120 Shang-Zhou dynasties sites in the western lakeshore of Chaohu Lake, Anhui Province,
China. Based on sites data, topographic data, drainage maps, administrative maps and SPOT5 remote sensing data, spatial analysis
methods were introduced into the archaeology of Chaohu Lake Basin with Geographic Information System (GIS). The spatial analysis
methods include: 1) Point Density Analysis with density model to acquire the shift of the sites; 2) Distance Analysis to reveal
the spatial structure of the sites; 3) 3D Analysis based on Digital Elevation Model to get micro-geomorphologic features of
the sites; and 4) Buffer Analysis to discover the relationship between the sites and rivers. The results indicate that the
archaeological sites spread from the western lakeshore of Chaohu Lake gradually to the northwest, later to the south, and
then symmetrically spread. Controlled by productive forces and other factors, ancient people preferred to reside in those
places near water, or in plain and fertile land, which resulted in linear and decentralized distribution of the sites, and
presented such disciplines as river valley directivity, terrace directivity and soil directivity. This paper indicates that
the distribution of archaeological sites was influenced earlier by natural elements and later by human elements in the study
period. The research is important for the integration of GIS and archaeology. |
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Keywords: | archaeological site Geographic Information System spatial analysis Chaohu Lake |
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