贵州西部茅口组古岩溶带供水意义

贵州西部地表沟谷切割强烈使得浅部地下水系统中地下水赋存和富集条件较差、含水层中地下水层多处于疏干状态。西部饮水问题亟待解决。贵州二叠系茅口组古岩溶发育，具有良好的溶蚀空间,有利于地下水的赋存，在地质构造和地形条件的控制下，与上覆隔水性能良好的岩层组合，形成深埋藏于地下的、水量丰富的地下水系统,为深埋藏条件下的地下水赋存和运移提供良好空间条件。文章以勘探试验资料为依据，通过资料的综合分析，对贵州省西部玄武岩及硅质岩覆盖区二叠系茅口组古岩溶带的发育及含水性特征进行了研究。研究结果表明，茅口组顶部古岩溶普遍发育，空间形态以溶蚀裂隙为主;沿断裂带为茅口组岩溶发育最为集中、地下水最为富集且渗透性能最好的地带；峨眉山玄武岩与茅口组古岩溶带组合构成了封闭良好的"埋藏型"的蓄水构造，成为解决该区饮水安全的重要找水目标。 

Significance of paleokarst water supply developed in Maokou Formation in western Guizhou

For strong surface cutting, it is in poor groundwater occurrence and barren enrichment, and the shallow aquifer is almost no water in the west of Guizhou, where it is engineering water shortage. The water supply problem in the west should be solved urgently.The Paleokarst developed in Maokou formation of Permian in Guizhou is proved to be a good space for the deep buried groundwater occurrence and migration, which combines the overlying strata to be a deeply buried ground water system with abundant water in the control with good geology and geography . Based on the exploration experimental data, the development of the paleokarst and reservoir characteristics were studied in Maokou formation of Permian of the basalt and siliceous rocks covered areas in western Guizhou .Through the comprehensive analysis, the results show that top paleokarst commonly develop in Maokou formation, which is generally made of karstic fissure. Besides, karst is most concentrated along the fault zone, where groundwater is most concentrated and permeated. Emei mountain basalt area and Maokou paleokarst belt constitute a good “closed-buried” type of reservoir structure, being the important targets of finding the water source to guarantee drinking water security in western Guizhou.