世界金融地理层级性研究

金融全球化使各国金融系统联系日益密切深入,但世界金融体系在不同地域巨大差异性仍然存在。从经济地理学的视角出发,指出世界金融地域系统呈现出层级性的特征,通过理论分析并运用计量方法证实了世界金融系统层级性这一规律的客观存在。在计量基础上把世界金融体系划分为4个层级,结合实际深入探讨了每一层级的特征,并从金融学和地理学理论角度探索了世界金融地理层级性产生的内在机理,指出世界金融体系内部联系及整体演进均与世界金融地理层级性特征息息相关。正确掌握与运用这一客观规律,不仅有助于推动本国金融系统的健康发展,而且能使之对经济的快速发展和社会稳定发挥积极而持续的促进作用。

The Geographic Tiers of World Financial System

Financial Globalization is integrating the world financial system,however,the territorial differentiation of the world financial system is still very obvious.From the economic geography perspective,the world financial system presents the feature of tiers.This article has proved the existence of the tiers of world financial system by theoretical analysis and quantitative methods application.The world financial system is divided into four tiers through quantitative analysis and the features of each tier are pointed out.The countries and regions of the first tier have highly developed and extremely active financial systems.In the second tier,the financial system is comparatively sound and closely related to the real economy.Thus individuals and enterprises in the second tier are able to access to the financial services easily.The financial system of each country of this tier has its own distinguished advances comparing with other countries,however,to the whole financial system there is still some way to the first tier.There are no any developed countries that could be found in the third tier.Instead,the third tier almost composes of the emerging countries.The inadequate development of the financial system of the third tier leads to inefficiency and cumbers the economic development.And each country of the tier has its own obvious shortcoming in the financial system.The internal differentiation of this tier is notable.The financial system of the fourth tier is underdeveloped,which consists of unsound institutional environment,small-size and inefficient banking system,undeveloped financial market and a narrow range of financial instruments.Therefore,it is rather difficult for the individuals and enterprises to obtain the supports from financial system.The industry development and consumption expansion are limited by the poor financial system in the fourth tier.Furthermore,the mechanism of the geographic tiers of the world financial system is discussed.The financial system is a complicated system,and is a sub-system of the whole socio-economic system.Generally speaking,the synergy of humane geographic environment and the nature of financial system induce the differentiation of financial system on the geographic distribution.At first,the different development levels of different countries lead to the different demand for finance.Furthermore,in this article the geographic boundary or the border between countries also divides the world financial system.Finally,the heterogeneity of the financial market information on space and time causes the geographic differentiation of financial system objectively.The process and the path of financial globalization are deeply influenced by geographic tiers of world financial system.The pattern of present international financial system is also shaped by the geographic tiers of world financial system.