土地节约集约利用技术方法研究:现状、问题与趋势

目前有关土地节约集约利用研究成果较多，但理论基础薄弱、土地节约集约利用评价尺度和方法单一、对 土地节约集约利用环境效应问题重视不够、节地技术研制力度不足、土地集约利用标准研制进展相对缓慢，本文在 对上述相关技术方法研究存在的一系列问题进行剖析的基础上，对未来发展趋势和研究重点进行了展望。未来土 地节约集约利用研究应加强以下4 个方面：①土地集约利用基础理论研究。梳理相关技术标准、模式以及政策法 规，构建土地集约利用基础理论与支撑理论体系。②土地集约利用调查与评价研究。应着重土地集约利用调查、监 测技术方法及调查精度研究，加强基于政府、开发商、研究者、农民(居民)等多视角的土地集约利用评价研究，重视 不同土地集约利用模式下的环境变化过程与模拟、土地节约集约利用过程与生态风险机制等研究。③土地集约利 用潜力与节地控制技术开发。包括主要行业建设用地节地控制方法、土地利用规划的节地控制方法、土地集约利用 的节地工程化技术等。④退化废弃地恢复与再利用技术开发。包括退化废弃地信息挖掘与评价、退化废弃地生态恢 复与再利用、污染土地风险评估与生物修复、采矿塌陷区土地复垦等技术综合应用示范。⑤土地集约利用技术标准 和规范研制。包括土地集约利用调查及评价技术规范、重点产业用地集约利用控制标准、村庄整理与农地整理标 准、高标准农田建设标准、节约型社会的土地规划用地标准、城镇污染土地再生利用标准、采矿塌陷区土地复垦标 准等。研究结果和结论将对促进我国土地节约集约利用研究具有重要科学意义。

Methodologies of Intensive Land Use Resear ch: Issues and Tr end

Currently，intensive land use research have got many research fruits. But some problems about basic theory, evaluate scale and methods, control technology of economizing land have been existed. Based on the review on researches on intensive land use，the developing trend and keystone of intensive land use research which should be enhanced in the future have been discussed in this paper.It can be concluded following research contents: ① the basic theory of intensive land use. Relevant technology and criterion, pattern and policy should be reviewed in order to construct the theory system of intensive land use research. ② surveying and evaluation of intensive land use. It is urgent to propose the indices and contents of investigating and monitoring on intensive land use and to study on surveying methods and evaluation methods from different angles of view and the process of environment change in different modes of intensive land use. ③control technology of economizing land, including controlling indicators of major types of construction land, methodologies of land use planning and zoning, engineering technologies of intensive land use. ④ restoration and reuse technologies on wasted land and degraded land, including information mining and evaluation, ecological restoration and reuse on wasted and degraded land, risk evaluation and ecology restoration on contaminated land, etc. ⑤ criterions and standards of intensive land use, including investigation and evaluation criterion, controlling criterion of industry land, etc. The results and conclusions in this paper will provide scientific basis for accelerating the study of intensive land use in China.