南黄海绿潮暴发与紫菜养殖的关系

采用现场调查、社会调查和卫星遥感多种手段相结合,调查了南黄海绿潮早期零星漂浮到大面积暴发的时空变化过程,分析了紫菜养殖工艺对绿潮暴发的影响,估算了南黄海不同紫菜养殖区输入海洋的绿潮藻初始生物量,并探讨了主要海域紫菜养殖面积的增长与绿潮暴发的关系。结果表明,受紫菜养殖生产工艺的影响,数以千吨的绿潮藻在短期内被刮落集中输入至海洋,为绿潮的暴发提供了最为直接和充足的绿潮藻初始生物量,其主要来源为竹根沙、蒋家沙和东沙紫菜养殖区。2005年以来,上述3个养殖区的紫菜养殖面积持续扩大,是2007年以来南黄海绿潮持续暴发的主要原因。水温是影响绿潮形成的关键环境因素,4~6月份大量被刮落入海的绿潮藻在适宜环境条件下漂浮和快速生长,并最终形成绿潮。

Research on the relations between green tide and Porphyra cultivation in the south Yellow Sea

In this paper, we researched the relations between the green tide and Porphyra cultivation in the South Yellow Sea by the methods of investigation, social survey, and satellite remote sensing. A deep analysis of temporal and spatial change processes of green tide variations ranging from sporadic floating to initial outbreak was conducted. To determine the impact of Porphyra cultivation on the outbreak of the green tide, we investigated the aquaculture process during different stages and estimated the initial biomass of green tide algae that was released into the ocean from different Porphyra cultivation areas in the South Yellow Sea. At the same time, the relation between the area variation of key Porphyra cultivation areas and green tide was analyzed. The results indicated that affected by the production process, thousands of tons of green tide algae were scraped and released into the sea in a short term. It provided the most direct and initial biomass supply for the green tide that was mainly sourced from the ZhuGen Sha, JiangJia Sha, and Dong Sha Porphyra cultivation areas. The ZhuGen Sha, JiangJia Sha, and Dong Sha Porphyra cultivation areas continued to expand since 2005, and they were the main reasons causing the outbreak of the green tide in the South Yellow Sea from 2007. The water temperature was the key environmental factor that influenced the outbreak of the green tide. Scraped green tide algae floated and grew rapidly in appropriate environmental conditions from April to June, ultimately causing a large-scale green tide.