长江洪水资源化思考

长江水患是我国最大的自然灾害, 华北缺水是我国最重要的资源环境问题.长江洪水资源化是使二者能够得到统筹解决而提出的一种思路.洪水资源化就是实现由灾害水向资源水和环境水的转化.长江洪水资源化不仅是由长江水资源特点、流域水旱交替频率加大及不断增加的水资源需求所决定, 也是解决华北水资源短缺的重要途径.蓄洪是洪水资源化的基础, 应在完善流域水库网络体系的基础上, 考虑人工控湖工程, 特别要重视蓄洪区建设, 通过“给水让地”, 实现“以土地换和平”和洪水资源化; 可通过引洪冲湖, 治理流域污染湖泊; 南水北调应以调洪水为主, 可通过蓄洪调水和直接引洪北调来实现. 

Possible Floodwater Utilization of the Yangtze River

Flood in the Yangtze River is the most serious natural disaster, and in contrast there is great lack of water in North China. Hence, floodwater utilization is put forward as a way to resolve these problems through transforming disaster water into resource water and environment water. Floodwater utilization can not only lessen spatio-temporal unbalance of water resources and frequency of flood and drought and alleviate stress of the increasing need of water in the Yangtze River, but also can be an important measure to resolve the water resources shortage in North China. The storing of floodwater, the basis of floodwater utilization, should be perfected on the valley reservoir network system and at the same time, manpower control should be important in the lake project as well as storing floodwater district construction. The "exchanging land for peace" and "floodwater utilization" can be realized through "giving water a land", and valley lake pollution can be abated through diverting flood to flush lake. It is pointed out that South to North water transfer should divert floodwater mainly through diverting stored floodwater and channel off floodwater directly.