若尔盖高原生态环境恶化与沼泽退化及其形成机制

根据１９９６－１９９８年野外考察与研究获得信息，结合前人研究的资料，论证了若尔盖高原沼泽区生态环境恶化，沼泽退化十分严重，其主要表现为：沼泽旱化，沼泽类型改变，沼泽逆向生态演替，沼泽区沙化，野生动物种类，种群数量减少，土壤质量下降，沼泽水质变劣，草场退化和鼠害猖獗，剖析了沼泽区生态环境恶化，沼泽退化与人类活动干扰，自然因素作用的关系，进而阐明了人类活动干扰是沼泽区生态环境恶化，沼泽退化主要原因。

ECOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT DETERIORATION, MIRE DEGENERATION AND THEIR FORMATION MECHANISM IN THE ZOIGE PLATEAU

The indication of mire degeneration has appeared since 1960 s in the Zoige platean.After forty years, the ecological environment deterioration and mire degeneration are tending towards more serious.The damages of the regional ecological environment and mire ecosystem are so grave that they can hardly be recovered by self_healing and artificial restoration.The behaviors of ecological environment deterioration and mire degeneration are as follows: aridity,type alteration,retrogressive ecological succession,region desertification,decreasing of quantity in species and population of rare animal,soil degeneration,declining of mire water_logging quality,grassland degeneration and rat disaster rampancy.It is undoubted that the neotectonics rising and warming and drying the climate are favorable for ecological environment deterioration and mire degeneration and provide the possibility for those but the human activity interference,which includes denuding forest,draining mire,exploiting peat and over_pasturing make the possibility into reality.Compared with natural factors,human activit interference is a main cause for the ecological environment deterioration and mire degeneration.