STUDY ON THE SPATIAL PATTERNS OF LAND-USE CHANGE AND ANALYSES OF DRIVING FORCES IN NORTHEASTERN CHINA DURING 1990-2000 |
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作者单位: | LIU Ji-yuan,DENG Xiang-zheng,LIU Ming-liang(Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources Research, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101,P. R. China);ZHANG Shu-wen(Changchun Institute of Geography, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130012, P. R. China) |
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基金项目: | 中国科学院知识创新工程项目 |
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摘 要: |
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关 键 词: | 土地资源 林地 耕地 牧地 土地划分 |
收稿时间: | 19 June 2002 |
Study on the spatial patterns of land-use change and analyses of driving forces in Northeastern China during 1990–2000 |
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Authors: | Ji-yuan Liu Xiang-zheng Deng Ming-liang Liu Shu-wen Zhang |
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Institution: | (1) Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources Research, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100101 Beijing, P. R. China;(2) Changchun Institute of Geography, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, 130012 Changchun, P. R. China |
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Abstract: | Land-use change is an important aspect of global environment change. It is, in a sense, the direct result of human activities
influencing our physical environment. Supported by the dynamic serving system of national resources, including both the environment
database and GIS technology, this paper analyzed the land-use change in northeastern China in the past ten years (1990–2000).
It divides northeastern China into five land-use zones based on the dynamic degree (DD) of land-use: woodland/grassland —
arable land conversion zone, dry land — paddy field conversion zone, urban expansion zone, interlocked zone of farming and
pasturing, and reclamation and abandoned zone. In the past ten years, land-use change of northeastern China can be generalized
as follows: increase of cropland area was obvious, paddy field and dry land increased by 74.9 and 276.0 thousand ha respectively;
urban area expanded rapidly, area of town and rural residence increased by 76.8 thousand ha; area of forest and grassland
decreased sharply with the amount of 1399.0 and 1521.3 thousand ha respectively; area of water body and unused land increased
by 148.4 and 513.9 thousand ha respectively. Besides a comprehensive analysis of the spatial patterns of land use, this paper
also discusses the driving forces in each land-use dynamic zones. The study shows that some key biophysical factors affect
conspicuously the conversion of different land-use types. In this paper, the relationships between land-use conversion and
DEM, accumulated temperature (⩾10°C) and precipitation were analysed and represented. We conclude that the land-use changes
in northeast China resulted from the change of macro social and economic factors and local physical elements. Rapid population
growth and management changes, in some sense, can explain the shaping of woodland/grassland — cropland conversion zone. The
conversion from dry land to paddy field in the dry land — paddy field conversion zone, apart from the physical elements change
promoting the expansion of paddy field, results from two reasons: one is that the implementation of market-economy in China
has given farmers the right to decide what they plant and how they plant their crops, the other factor is originated partially
from the change of dietary habit with the social and economic development. The conversion from paddy field to dry land is
caused prmarily by the shortfall of irrigation water, which in turn is caused by poor water allocation management by local
governments. The shaping of the reclamation and abandoned zone is partially due to the lack of environment protection consciousness
among pioneer settlers. The reason for the conversion from grassland to cropland is the relatively higher profits of farming
than that of pasturing in the interlocked zone of farming and pasturing. In northeastern China, the rapid expansion of built-up
areas results from two factors: the first is its small number of towns; the second comes from the huge potential for expansion
of existing towns and cities. It is noticeable that urban expansion in the northeastern China is characterized by gentle topographic
relief and low population density. Physiognomy, transportation and economy exert great influences on the urban expansion.
Foundation item: Under the auspices of Knowledge Innovation program Key Project of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (KZCX-2-308).
Biography: LIU Ji-yuan (1947 - ), male, a native of Shanghai Municipality, professor, Director General of Institute of Geographical
Sciences and Natural Resources Research, the Chinese Academy of Sciences. His research interests include environment and resources,
remote sensing and geography. |
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Keywords: | land use land-use change spatial pattern driving force northeastern China |
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