Geospatial spreadsheets with microscale air quality visualization and synchronization for supporting multiple-scenario visual collaboration

A major obstacle of the interdisciplinary communications for decision-making is that each participant prefers the solution from their own area because current collaboration systems cannot effectively mediate among many alternatives. If a visual collaboration system could display multiple alternatives in a single visual presentation, users would be able to compare alternatives with only a few variables, where all other parameters are fixed, at least from a visual perspective. In this study, we developed a visualization tool to support a microscale air quality (MSAQ) management group, the members of which often need to compare the effects of many alternative control methods. The main achievements of this study are: (1) three-dimensional (3D) visualization of the MSAQ using a 3D city model and (2) development of a geospatial spreadsheet (GS) to facilitate visual comparisons, thereby improving decision-making by making it easy to compare differences based on realistic visual display items. A questionnaire-based survey showed that use of the GS could generate a shared perspective and provide a spatiotemporal context for the participants, thereby making it easy to compare, mediate and reach decisions when confronted with many alternatives.     

A spreadsheet-based technique (Lotus 1-2-3) for separating tropical forest storm hydrographs using Hewlett and Hibbert's slope

The inclined line separation technique of Hewlett and Hibbert has been widely adopted to separate delayed flow from the total stream storm runoff. Presented here is the application of the technique to highly responsive storm hydrographs using a personal computer method based on a Lotus 1-2-3 spreadsheet. Using discharge measurements (in m³ s⁻¹), catchment area (in km²) and time (in Julian days), the separation slope is adjusted on the monitor screen until the precise time at which the end of quickflow as storm runoff gives way to delayed flow may be established. The application of the inclined line method is compared with other separation techniques applied to the same dataset. The annual stream quickflow runoff for the study catchment was calculated by the four different separating lines — (i) best-fit curve, (ii) N-day after peak, (iii) inclined line and (iv) horizontal line — was 250, 312, 368, and 588 mm, amounting to 33, 31, 51 and 78 per cent respectively of the annual total stream runoff. Separation of flow by computer spreadsheet methods may be consistently applied throughout a dataset and therefore have a comparative advantage over more arbitrary techniques. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

DNA03电子水准仪GSI-8数据格式转换软件开发

对徕卡DNA03电子水准仪线路测量模式及GSI-8数据存储格式进行了研究,基于Visual C++6.0平台MFC对话框,编写GSI-8数据格式向Excel电子表格水准记录簿格式的转换软件,实现DNA系列电子水准仪内置的5种线路测量模式GSI-8数据自动向满足国家水准测量规范的Excel电子手簿记录格式转换,测站各项限差指标自动检核并定位,水准测量等级满足从一等到四等以及等外水准的要求,相同等级和同一类型的线路数据文件实现批量格式转换。     

基于Excel数据表和极限分析法的滑坡抗剪强度参数反演分析

针对采用传统的确定性边坡稳定性分析方法进行滑裂面抗剪强度参数反演分析所需滑坡断面不少于两个的不足,基于概率可靠度理论,提出了一种结合Excel数据表和极限分析上限法的滑坡强度参数反演新方法。依托湘西朱雀洞特大滑坡进行算例分析,研究结果表明：结合Excel数据表法和极限分析上限法反演得到的滑裂面抗剪强度参数与工程现场实测数据吻合良好,验证了新分析方法的正确性和有效性;运用该法反演分析只需一个滑坡断面,可有效解决单一滑裂面抗剪强度参数反演问题,减少了计算工作量,具有广泛的适用性和良好的工程应用前景。     

土钉支护结构可靠度分析的电子表格法

岩土工程中存在大量的不确定性,因此,进行土钉支护结构的可靠度分析是十分必要的。利用Excel的规划求解及VB编程功能,采用电子表格法,建立了适用于分层土体的电子表格计算模型,进行了土钉支护结构内部稳定的可靠度分析,得出了最小可靠指标及其相应的临界滑面位置。建立的电子表格模型由数据输入模块、土钉计算模块、土层计算模块、可靠指标计算模块及优化求解模块5部分组成。模型建立之后,只需改变电子表格中的输入数据,即可适用于不同土钉支护结构的可靠度分析。算例分析表明：方法正确,计算过程简单直观。它既可用于不同工况下土钉支护结构内部稳定的可靠度分析,也可简化为相应情况下的定值法分析。     

通用气象业务电子化考试系统的设计技术

针对传统纸质考试和常规无纸化考试系统在气象业务应用中存在的一些不足,提出了一种基于Excel电子表格系统的通用气象业务电子化考试平台方案。系统采用嵌入式VBA语言进行模块化程序设计,具备标准无纸化考试系统的绝大部分功能,实际应用表明具有低成本、易维护、适用性强等优点,有较好的推广应用前景。文章详细介绍了该平台的概念模型设计及其主要功能模块的实现,并分析了模块研发过程中需要注意的问题和系统进一步扩展完善的思路。     

Graphical representation of particle shape using triangular diagrams: an Excel spreadsheet method

Analysis of the shape of sedimentary particles can provide information about their transport history and aid facies differentiation and the characterization of depositional environments. Triangular (Sneed and Folk) diagrams, employing ratios of the three orthogonal particle axes, have been advocated as the most appropriate method for unbiased presentation of primary particle shape data. A spreadsheet method for the production of these diagrams is described. Clast data‐sets from a range of environments are presented using this method. An alternative use of the spreadsheet for the presentation of sedimentary fabric shape is suggested. Copyright © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Calculating basal temperatures in ice sheets: an Excel spreadsheet method

The flow of ice sheets and their geomorphological impact is greatly influenced by their basal thermal regime. Calculations of basal temperatures in ice sheets are therefore fundamental in evaluating glacier dynamics and in determining the spatial distribution of zones of erosion and deposition beneath ice masses. Calculations of basal temperatures are not frequently attempted, however, primarily because of the techniques required to solve the heat conduction equation between the ice surface and the base. This paper describes a new Excel spreadsheet method of solving this equation that can readily be applied to both former and contemporary ice sheets. The application of the spreadsheet is illustrated with two examples. The first provides a calculation of basal thermal regime beneath the north eastern part of the Scottish ice sheet during the last glacial maximum; the second shows how basal ice temperatures can be calculated beneath the modern Antarctic ice sheet. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

A possible approach for Tier 2 risk assessments of polluted sites: Framework,computer spreadsheet and application

Owing to the increasing attention placed on problems concerning site pollution that environmental geotechnics deals with, an implementation of Tier2 risk assessment (forward and backward mode) is proposed and developed in a computer spreadsheet. Consistently with a Tier 2 approach, contaminant migration is described by analytical solutions of transport models using site-specific parameters. The calculations are implemented with Microsoft Excel® while the user interfaces, which manage the various worksheets, were built with Visual Basic®. The spreadsheet was validated by comparing it with other available software that implement the same model for a given migration pathway. In the present version, the computer tool is consistent with Italian guidelines for Tiers 2 risk assessment. However, the tool can be easily adapted to comply with different regulations and recommendations. Some illustrative examples of applications are given in the paper: a case study of risk assessment for contaminated site is illustrated and a sensitivity analyses of transport factors to site-specific parameters is presented.