At the heart of the cultural approach in geography: Thinking space

The way that space is thought of is at the heart of the cultural approach in geography. The passing down of all the components of a culture depends upon the way data is aquired and processed, the results memorized or broadcast. Communication shapes the experience and the knowledge of space and time. It gives to everyone the idea that the real world is doubled by a beyond which plays a central role in social life, since it is upon such a beyond that normative thinking relies and that a significance is given to individual and social life. The spheres of lived-in and known space and time, as well as that of the beyond, vary according to available technologies. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

开发口译学习者的非智力因素

着重探讨了如何从实际课堂中去探索和构建以学生为中心的口译学习环境,论证了非智力因素在口译教学中的重要作用,力求引起广大口译教师对学生非智力因素的充分重视,以到达更为有效的口译教学效果。     

Personal Narratives as Interactive Texts: Collecting and Interpreting Migrant Life-Histories*

Life-history or personal narrative techniques have considerable potential as a way of recovering hidden histories, contesting academic androcentrism, and reinstating the marginalized and dispossessed as makers of their own past. Drawing on a large methodological literature on life-history collection, and applications of these techniques in Africa, we argue that geographers might explore these methodologies as a means of recovering lost geographies and venting alternative voices in academic texts. Drawing on our own project on Swazi migrant women, we suggest that life-histories cannot, however, be seen purely as vehicles for the delivery of uncontaminated fact about the past. Rather personal narratives should be viewed and interpreted as interactive texts. This leads us to a consideration of a number of methodological and interpretive issues surrounding life-history collection: the positional advantages of insider status, the “terrible assymetries” of the interview process, and the power (and pitfalls) of narrative forms of representation.     

按摩疗法加健康教育结合乳果糖口服液治疗便秘30 例疗效观察

目的：观察按摩疗法加健康教育结合乳果糖口服液治疗便秘的临床疗效。方法：将60 例便秘患者随机分为治疗组和对照组,每组各30 例。对照组给予乳果糖口服液治疗,治疗组在对照组基础上采用按摩疗法并结合健康教育。2组均以14 d为1个疗程,共治疗2个疗程。治疗结束后随访1个月,观察2组综合疗效、生活质量（PAC-QOL）评分及症状积分。结果：总有效率治疗组为93.33%（28/30）,高于对照组的76.67%（23/30）,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。2组治疗后PAC-QOL评分比较,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。治疗2周后,治疗组排便时间积分、症状总积分低于对照组（均P<0.05）;治疗4周后,治疗组排便困难、排便时间、排便感（下坠、不尽、胀感）、排便频度积分及症状总积分低于对照组（均P<0.05）;治疗结束后1个月,治疗组粪便性状、排便困难、排便时间、排便感（下坠、不尽、胀感）、排便频度积分及症状总积分低于对照组（均P<0.05）。结论：按摩疗法加健康教育结合乳果糖口服液治疗便秘效果优于单纯乳果糖口服液治疗,值得临床推广应用。     

‘The forest is our inheritance’: An introduction to Semai Orang Asli place‐naming and belonging in the Bukit Tapah Forest Reserve

The forest realm of the Gòòl‐War watershed of southeast Perak, Malaysia holds much socio‐cultural significance to the Semai Orang Asli communities living along these rivers. Notwithstanding its present‐day location within the Bukit Tapah Forest Reserve, the forest continues to be where Semai conceptions of history and lore are encoded in the geographical particulars of the landscape. A thriving forest‐dependent lifestyle maintains and transmits Semai place knowledge, observed in this research through people's command of ancestral place‐names. This paper provides an introduction to Semai toponymy and considers the implications of indigenous place‐names on the protection of indigenous homelands and ways of life.     

Hawaiian oral tradition describes 400 years of volcanic activity at Kīlauea

Culturally significant oral tradition involving Pele, the Hawaiian volcano deity, and her youngest sister Hi'iaka may involve the two largest volcanic events to have taken place in Hawai'i since human settlement: the roughly 60-year-long ‘Ailā’au eruption during the 15th century and the following development of Kīlauea's caldera. In 1823, Rev. William Ellis and three others became the first Europeans to visit Kīlauea's summit and were told stories about Kīlauea's activity that are consistent with the Pele–Hi'iaka account and extend the oral tradition through the 18th century. Recent geologic studies confirm the essence of the oral traditions and illustrate the potential value of examining other Hawaiian chants and stories for more information about past volcanic activity in Hawai‘i.     

利用影视资料进行英语口语教学

影视资料在英语口语教学中，特别是在调动学生兴趣和积极性并创造一个更为真实的语言和文化环境方面有着积极的作用。充分利用影视资料进行英语口语教学，引导学生参加各项活动，使学生有机会通过影视语言和图像全方位的感受所学语言和文化，将有助于学生英语口语水平和学习兴趣的提高。     

重组抗菌肽海藻酸钠微囊制备与体外释放特征研究

对重组表达的海洋生物抗菌肽对虾素3-2进行亲和层析纯化,以海藻酸钠为壁材,采用凝聚法制备了重组抗菌肽海藻酸钠微囊,以微囊的形态和包封率为指标优化制备工艺,对制备的微囊进行体外释放特征的初步研究。结果显示,在氯化钙浓度为1.5%,海藻酸钠浓度为2.0%时,制备的微囊为完整的球形,冷冻干燥后的直径约为1.1 mm,包封率为83.87%。微囊在模拟胃液(pH 2.0)中2 h左右释放量趋于稳定,释放量低于14%;微囊在模拟肠液(pH 7.8)中不断释放,5 h时释放量达98%,表明微囊具有良好的肠溶性而可以抵抗胃液的破坏,可以用作重组抗菌肽缓释/控释制剂,为抗菌肽在水产病害防治过程的口服给药提供实验基础。     

鱼类口服疫苗的研究进展

口服免疫是通过胃肠粘膜系统进行抗原呈递.较传统的注射和浸浴免疫简易便捷.是更为理想的免疫途径。一般认为鱼的后肠是摄取抗原的主要部位,口服疫苗引起的免疫应答以粘膜免疫为主.系统免疫应答并不是很强。在口服疫苗的研制过程中,出现了各种问题.使得这种疫苗迄今无法问世。本文围绕鱼类口服免疫的意义.作用机理以及口服疫苗的研究现状作一综述.     

Remapping heritage and the garden suburb: Haberfield's civic ecologies

ABSTRACT

Gardens in Australia are considered an important site of heritage maintenance and negotiation for their capacity to materialise transformations in everyday life, design, lifestyles, demographics, environment, as well as social and cultural practices. In the case of conservation areas, gardens tend to be valued in terms of their closeness and potential to preserve specific historical elements. Plants in these gardens are cultivated to evoke period designs, such as Federation (c.1890–1915) and cottage gardens. In this article we turn to gardens and gardening to make sense of entanglements between cultural, historical and environmental elements, and we ask: what role do plants play in shaping our understanding of suburban heritage? To answer this question, we draw on oral histories, archival research and ethnography in Haberfield, the first model garden suburb in Australia. We show how plants channel and mediate multiple concerns that contest and extend ideas of heritage circulating in public discourse. Foregrounding the centrality of plants, this article contributes a dynamic definition of heritage that includes the entanglement of environmental stewardship and individual and collective heritage.