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1.
The solubility of iron sulphides in synthetic and natural waters at ambient temperature 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
W. Davison 《Aquatic Sciences - Research Across Boundaries》1991,53(4):309-329
A critical evaluation of literature values for the solubility products, K
sp
NBS
= [Fe2+][HS–] Fe2+
HS– (H
NBS
+
)–1, of various iron sulphide phases results in consensus values for the pKs of 2.95 ± 0.1 for amorphous ferrous sulphide, 3.6 ± 0.2 for mackinawite, 4.4 ± 0.1 for greigite, 5.1 ± 0.1 for pyrrhotite, 5.25 ± 0.2 for troilite and 16.4 ± 1.2 for pyrite.Where the analogous ion activity products have been measured in anoxic freshwaters in which there is evidence for the presence of solid phase FeS, the values lie within the range of 2.6–3.22, indicating that amorphous iron sulphide is the controlling phase. The single value for a groundwater of 2.65 (2.98 considering carbonate complexation) agrees. In seawater four values range between 3.85 to 4.2, indicating that mackinawite or greigite may be the controlling phase. The single low value of 2.94 is in a situation where particularly high fluxes of Fe (II) and S (–II) may result in the preferential precipitation of amorphous iron sulphide. Formation of framboidal pyrite in these sulphidic environments may occur in micro-niches and does not appear to influence bulk concentrations. Calculations show that the formation of Fe2S2 species probably accounts for very little of the iron or sulphide in most natural waters. Previously reported stability constants for the formation of Fe (HS)2 and (Fe (HS)3)– are shown to be suspect, and these species are also thought to be negligible in natural waters. In completely anoxic pore waters polysulphides also have a negligible effect on speciation, but in tidal sediments they may reach appreciable concentrations and lead to the direct formation of pyrite. Concentrations of iron and sulphide in pore waters can be controlled by the more soluble iron sulphide phase. The change in the IAP with depth within the sediment may reflect ageing of the solid phase or a greater flux of Fe (II) and S (–II) nearer the sediment surface. This possible kinetic influence on the value of IAPs has implications for their use in geochemical studies involving phase formation. 相似文献
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饱和软土压缩试验时,经常出现压缩曲线“反常”、压缩系数“倒大”的现象。它是土的原始结构发生破坏前后的不同压缩性的客观反映。饱和软土的结构力很微弱,唯质量好的原状土才能见到这种“反常”。应从成孔、取样、测试及资料整理等多个环节保证其工程意义。 相似文献
5.
Libby Porter 《The Australian geographer》2006,37(3):355-374
Aboriginal cultural heritage protection, and the legislative regimes that underpin it, constitute important mechanisms for Aboriginal people to assert their rights and responsibilities. This is especially so in Victoria, where legislation vests wide-ranging powers and control of cultural heritage with Aboriginal communities. However, the politics of cultural heritage, including its institutionalisation as a scientific body of knowledge within the state, can also result in a powerful limiting of Aboriginal rights and responsibilities. This paper examines the politics of cultural heritage through a case study of a small forest in north-west Victoria. Here, a dispute about logging has pivoted around differing conceptualisations of Aboriginal cultural heritage values and their management. Cultural heritage, in this case, is both a powerful tool for the assertion of Aboriginal rights and interests, but simultaneously a set of boundaries within which the state operates to limit and manage the challenge those assertions pose. The paper will argue that Aboriginal cultural heritage is a politically contested and shifting domain structured around Aboriginal law and politics, Australian statute and the legacy of colonial history. 相似文献
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环境问题已成为全世界共同关心的问题。地质环境是影响人类生存的重要因素。本文述及了因自然地质因素引起的地震灾害、火山灾害、滑坡灾害等,以及因人为地质因素引发的水污染灾害、水库失事灾害、水土流失、沙漠扩大灾害等诸方面内容,指出在今后应重视对地质灾害的监测和预防。 相似文献
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系统研究了Ge-ARS-H2C2O4-V体系报道极谱催化波的影响因素,测定了Ge-ARS-H2C2O4三元配合物的配合比为1:2:1。实验初步证明了该体系催化波为具有吸附性质的平行催化波。本法检出限为0.14mg.mL^-1,相对标准偏差小于9.89%,标准回收率为93.70%-109.0%,0-50mg.mL^-1的锗具有良好的线性关系。 相似文献