Constructing durian terroir and geographical indications in Penang,Malaysia

The tropical fruit durian in Southeast and East Asia has witnessed a surge in popularity in the past two decades to assume the rank of a fetishized commodity. This research investigates the construction of the multidimensional concept of terroir as applied to the durian economy of Penang, Malaysia based on personal interviews with orchard owners and state government officials to strategically embed the local in the global through the promotion of agritourism. While environmental terroir is a contingent dimension, the construction of a place bound cultural terror is anchored in a strong cultivation tradition, cultivar diversity, and a historical sense of community. This research deepens the cultural terroir dimension in two ways. First, it injects the otherwise aspatial concept of refinement to the cultural terroir narratives of orchard owners allowing the on-farm tourist consumption experience to be more geographically rooted. Second, it conceptually links cultural terroir to the marketing terroir instrument of the Balik Pulau geographical indication; while functioning as a governance tool to prevent fraud and to construct a place bound product valorization and differentiation within an expanding and larger scale durian economy, it also indirectly assists in preserving agro-diversity and local identity.     

中国农业旅游发展研究

简要概述农业旅游的概念、特性及中国发展农业旅游的资源优势，详细阐述中国农业旅游发展的阶段模式、地域模式及存在问题。结果表明：中国发展农业旅游具有巨大的资源优势和市场潜力。而且发展前景非常诱人；但是中国农业旅游的发展却处于由自发式阶段向自主式阶段的过渡阶段，而且存在一些制约因素和问题。针对这些问题，从农业旅游的供给与需求及可持续发展的角度，论述了中国农业旅游的发展应注意的问题和发展方向。     

国外观光农业研究综述

观光农业是农业和旅游业相结合的一项复合型产业，具有“农游合一”的性质。观光农业在国外迅速发展并走上了规范化的发展道路，是有其历史背景的。首先论述了国外观光农业发展的历史背景，然后对国外观光农业的研究进行了总结，观光农业的概念、观光农业与乡村经济发展的关系、观光农业与乡村文化的关系、农业与旅游业的关系、观光农业发展的动力机制、观光农业发展策略和管理、观光农业发展中的女性问题7个方面是国外观光农业研究的焦点。     

A research on development of agritourism in China-a case study of Beijing

1 Background and Importance to Develop AgritourismAgritourism is a new type of industry developed since the 1970s. Its development closely concerns with the development of national economy, the improvement of standard of living and the change of life style. The beautiful natural environment and special agricultural landscape in the rural areas together with the urgent aspiration after touring are composed of the realistic background to develop agritourism.In order to adapt to the realistic d…     

America's Changing Farmscape: A Study of Agricultural Tourism in Michigan*

Abstract

Agricultural tourism incorporates visits to farms for the purposes of on-site retail purchases, enjoyment, and education. Long popular in the European Union (EU), agritourism is gaining popularity throughout the United States. Interest has grown as a result of stagnant grain prices, rising farm costs, and growing international competition. For rural areas seeking new economic options, the potential of these operations to generate new sources of income through sales and horizontal linkages to other tourism-based activities has sparked interest beyond the farm gate. This article, based on a survey and a statistical analysis of 300 agritourism operations in Michigan, summarizes factors associated with successful operations.     

沟谷生态经济区的创意与景观规划设计——以北京市西部山区的规划实践为基础

本文在系统考虑大城市周围山区传统产业的局限性、传统农业的低效性和大城市新兴产业的蓬勃发展、可持续发展战略的深入实施以及大城市周围地区发展的客观需求等因素的基础上，在北京西部山区沟谷景观规划实践的基础上，提出了沟谷生态经济区的发展模式，从景观设计的角度对生态经济沟的创意和设计进行了深入探讨。主要内容有沟谷生态经济区的概念、功能、市场定位（区位选择、和产品选择与组合）、总体景观规划（景观意像、行为特征）和沟谷立地景观设计（景观构成、品牌设计、功能区设计、时序性设计、立地配置、环境净化与生态保护方案以及开发经营管理方案）。     

America's Changing Farmscape: A Study of Agricultural Tourism in Michigan*

Agricultural tourism incorporates visits to farms for the purposes of on‐site retail purchases, enjoyment, and education. Long popular in the European Union (EU), agritourism is gaining popularity throughout the United States. Interest has grown as a result of stagnant grain prices, rising farm costs, and growing international competition. For rural areas seeking new economic options, the potential of these operations to generate new sources of income through sales and horizontal linkages to other tourism‐based activities has sparked interest beyond the farm gate. This article, based on a survey and a statistical analysis of 300 agritourism operations in Michigan, summarizes factors associated with successful operations.     

广东观光农业旅游开发探讨

农业资源是一种遍在资源，观光农业是在农业的基础上，农业向旅游业延伸，具有“农游合一”性质的一种复合型产业。广东省是中国的经济强省和旅游强省，观光农业旅游也是率先发展。但广东观光农业开发中存在一些问题和隐患，必须在合理规划的前提下，以市场为导向，在深度开发具有本地特色的现代旅游产品的同时提高服务质量，使其成为深受游客喜爱的旅游产品。