全球纬向平均的海气耦合一维模式分析

本文从能量平衡角度,考虑海气相互作用和纬向间的差异,设计了一个纬向平均的海气耦合一维模式,进行了模式平衡态求解、敏感性试验以及随机分析。并对模式部分计算结果进行了与实测资料的比较,验证了模式的合理性和可信性。     

10a尺度上新疆塔里木盆地水体动态对气候因子的敏感性检验

在10a尺度上对气候因子波动是否会引起塔里木盆地水体而积波动这一问题进行了验证和分析。利用1992～2001年塔里木盆地的多时相NOAA／AVHRRNDVI数字影像,提取水体信息,反演塔里木盆地近10a来的水体动态变化。结合塔里木盆地25个气象站的降水资料,对塔里木盆地水体的动态与同期降水的关系进行空间相关分析。分析表明。塔里木盆地近10a总的水体动态对于该区域同期气候因子的敏感性不强。该结论侧面证实了近10a来的南疆水体面积动态变化是由典型干早区气候和灌溉农业等因素共同造成的,短期的气候因子波动并不起显著的作用。     

陆面过程模型对下垫面参数动态变化的敏感性分析

利用2006年锦州玉米农田生态系统野外观测站动态连续的通量、气象及生物因子观测数据,分析了BATSl e陆面模型对动态的粗糙度(Z0)、叶面积指数(LAI)、植被履盖度(FVEG)及反照率(α)变化的敏感性.结果表明:Z0的动态变化对表层土壤温度(SST)和感热(SH)的模拟有一定影响,主要发生在玉米农田从裸土向有植被...     

挤压式顶管施工力学分析

考虑挤压式顶管施工时,不可避免会对周围的环境造成影响。根据土塑性力学的基本原理,考虑土体具有不同于其他材料的剪胀特性和塑性变形,按不相适应的塑性流动法则计算无限体内柱形孔穴扩张在周围土体内产生应力场和位移场。借助源一汇影像手段和Cemiti解进行剪应力修正,推得在顶管挤入过程中周围土体内的位移场和应力场表达式．基于此,研究了土层数、管径、埋深等各参数对竖向位移的影响的敏感性。最终得出顶管中心埋深h、顶管外半径Ru是影响竖向位移的最关键因素的结论。     

机载微波辐射计测云中液态水含量 (I):仪器和标定

简要介绍为研制机载对空测云微波辐射计所做的预研究,结果确认了研制这样的单频机载微波辐射计的可行性,并明确了仪器的技术难点,给出了针对技术难点提出的设计方案和技术指标。本文还介绍了对仪器进行灵敏度测试的实验方法和结果。实验室测试和晴空飞行测试表明,在一定的条件下,仪器灵敏度指标达到0.2K;还较详细地介绍了几种实用的标定方法,并讨论了它们的适用范围和不确定性。     

Sedimentary evolution of overlapped sand bodies in terrestrial faulted lacustrine basin: Insights from 3D stratigraphic forward modeling

Terrestrial faulted lacustrine basins usually have large variabilities in structural subsidence and multiple river sources. The facies in such basins are thus characterised by frequently changed facies and complex relationship of overlapped sand bodies (e.g. Liaoxi Depression of Liaodong Bay, Bohai Sea, China). Therefore, it's a great challenge to quantitatively describe evolution of sand bodies and their overlap relationship. In this study a three-dimensional stratigraphic forward model is used to solve this problem, which is corrected according to well log data. After the parameter optimization was verified against borehole strata thickness and lithology, this model had a thickness error within 8%, and the lithology distribution agreed with the well data as a whole.Four evolution phases of the Shahejie 3 Formation were recognised through the modeling. In the first phase, the lake level rose, and the eastern fan delta sand developed. In the second phase, the fan delta sand scaled up, and the braided river delta front sand developed at a small scale. In the third phase, the lake level shifted from falling to rising, the fan delta sand further expanded the scale, and the braided river delta developed at a large scale. Sands on both sides overlapped at a large scale. In the fourth phase, the lake level rose, the lake basin expanded, and lake shale was the main lithology in the study area. From the sedimentary evolution of Es3 formation, sand overlapped in the third stage. In 39.75 Ma, two parts of the sand body began to overlap and reached largest scale in 39.6 Ma, which was approximately 10 km². Both then retrograded to a separation in 39 Ma when the overlap ended.Coupling stratigraphic forward simulation with uncertainty quantification allowed us to estimate the influence of each stratigraphic parameter on sand overlap. Fluvial discharge appears to be the most influential parameter while the initial bathymetry and lake level variations exert a minor to moderate impact.