Meeting the Challenge of Systemic Change in Geography Education: Lucy Sprague Mitchell’s Young Geographers

The history of K–12 geography education has been characterized by recurrent high hopes and dashed expectations. There have, however, been moments when the trajectory of geography education might have changed to offer students the opportunity to develop a thorough working knowledge of geography. Lucy Sprague Mitchell’s geography program developed in the 1920s and 1930s was brilliant in its conception and execution but it did not lead to large-scale systemic change. Analyzing the origins, development, and outcome of her program suggests the conditions that facilitate and inhibit systemic change, and therefore perhaps we can learn to capitalize on comparable moments in the future.     

The Young Geographers And Their Research: 1936–1943*

The Young Geographers, an informal organization of American geographers, flourished from 1936 to 1943. One of its projects in 1940 and 1941 was the compilation and publication of lists of contemplated research by some 170 Young Geographers. Their listed research interests were relatively narrow in subject and geographical area. The successor of the Young Geographers was the American Society for Professional Geographers which merged with the Association of American Geographers in 1948 under a democratic constitution which assured that young geographers and their research would be recognized.     

Geography's Human Resources over the Past Half‐Century*

This article examines trends over the past five decades in three human resource issues in geography: the production of new geographers; the size and diversity of the membership of the Association of American Geographers (AAG); and the topical specializations of geographers. The number of geography degrees awarded increased rapidly in the 1950s and 1960s, followed by a modest decline as baby boomers exited their college years. The number surged again in the 1990s, however, and it seems to have stabilized in recent years. AAG membership trends followed a similar trajectory and membership is currently poised to set a new record. The participation of women in the discipline has increased steadily over the past half‐century, but geography still lags the social and physical sciences in the share of women receiving bachelor's degrees. The participation of geographers from ethnic minority groups continues to be very low. The number of AAG specialty groups has doubled since their inception in 1978, and geographic information science (GIS) now occupies a prominent position within the discipline. Challenges in the coming years include increasing the diversity in geography, reducing the turnover in AAG membership, preparing for the imminent retirement of a large cohort of baby‐boom geographers, and reconnecting with nonacademic geographers.     

AN ANALYSIS OF DATA ON HOME JOURNEYS BY CHINESE IMMIGRANTS IN CANADA, 1892–1915∗

The Young Geographers, an informal organization of American geographers, flourished from 1936 to 1943. One of its projects in 1940 and 1941 was the compilation and publication of lists of contemplated research by some 170 Young Geographers. Their listed research interests were relatively narrow in subject and geographical area. The successor of the Young Geographers was the American Society for Professional Geographers which merged with the Association of American Geographers in 1948 under a democratic constitution which assured that young geographers and their research would be recognized.     

深圳湾海底沉积层的研究

本文用全球定位系统与地球剖面系统对深圳湾进行网格状断面勘测,经室内剖面记录解译及与钻孔记录校核,将全部剖面录入计算机,再经地理信息系统分析处理,得出深圳湾海底沉积层的空间分布与各种数据。文中讨论了有关新技术在小区域地貌及第四纪地质研究中的应用及结果。     

美国地理学百年发展脉络分析

美国地理学家联合会会刊》代表着美国地理学的最高水平，其载文及其变化从一个侧面反映出美国地理学的发展历程。通过对其学术论文进行统计分析，考察美国地理学的总体地位和不同领域相对地位的变化，梳理美国地理学百年发展脉络，得出以下结论：20世纪以来美国地理学经历了战前初步发展、战后快速发展和20世纪80年代以来的持续发展三大阶段，美国地理学的第二个春天正在到来；逐步形成了环境科学，研究方法、模式和地理信息科学，自然与社会，人口、地方、区域，综合地理五大领域框架；长期关注与人类发展密切相关的问题，人文地理学始终占据主导地位；非常注重实践，强调理论来源于实践、应用于实践；研究领域相对稳定，但不同方向的相对地位却此消彼长。依据载文数量的相对比例，可以概括出美国地理学发展脉络：自然（1911—1915）→经济（1916—1920）→自然（1921—1925）→地图学（1926—1930）→地方（1931—1935）→自然（1936—1940）→地理教育（1941—1945）→生态环境（1946—1950）→地方（1951—1955）→经济（1956—1975）→自然（1977—1990）→经济（1990—2005）。上述研究领域、方向及其变化，也基本上代表了世界地理学的整体发展规律。      

Fruitful Liaison or Folie à Deux? The AAG and the AGS*

A century ago, the American Geographical Society (AGS), then a half‐century old, helped give birth to the Association of American Geographers (AAG), succored the fledgling association, and long rendered it invaluable support. By the mid‐twentieth century, the shoe was on the other foot: a mature and much larger AAG was being urged to lend help to the AGS. This article details their intertwined histories and personnel and reflects on their differing takes on geography as a specialized academic discipline and as a comprehensive amateur enterprise.     

改革开放二十年来中国城市地理学研究进展

改革开放２０ａ来,中国城市地理学研究队伍不断壮大,研究领域不断向纵深拓展,新技术在城市研究中获得了广泛应用。对这一时期中国城市地理学的研究进展,研究方法和技术作了综述,并对其发展趋势做了展望。