Provenance, Tectonic Setting and Geochemistry of Ahwaz Sandstone Member (Asmari Formation, Oligo-Miocene), Marun Oilfield, Zagros Basin, SW Iran

The Asmari Formation deposited in the Zagros foreland basin during the OligoceneMiocene. Lithologically, the Asmari Formation consists of limestone, dolomitic limestone, dolomite, argillaceous limestone, some anhydrite(Kalhur Member) and sandstones(Ahwaz Member). This study is based on the analysis of core samples from four subsurface sections(wells Mn-68, Mn-281, Mn-292 and Mn-312) in the Marun Oilfield in the Dezful embayment subzone in order to infer their provenance and tectonic setting of the Ahwaz Sandstone Member. Petrographical data reveal that the Ahwaz Sandstone comprises 97.5% quartz, 1.6% feldspar, and 0.9% rock fragments and all samples are classified as quartz arenites. The provenance and tectonic setting of the Ahwaz Sandstone have been assessed using integrated petrographic and geochemical studies. Petrographic analysis reveals that mono- and poly-crystalline quartz grains from metamorphic and igneous rocks of a craton interior setting were the dominant sources. Chemically, major and trace element concentrations in the rocks of the Ahwaz Sandstone indicate deposition in a passive continental margin setting. As indicated by the CIW′ index(chemical index of weathering) of the Ahwaz Sandstone(average value of 82) their source area underwent "intense" recycling but "moderate to high" degree of chemical weathering. The petrography and geochemistry results are consistent with a tropical, humid climate and low-relief highlands.     

基于PEG胁迫响应的不同地理种源沙拐枣抗旱性评价

以甘肃省3个地理种源沙拐枣幼苗为试材,采用PEG模拟胁迫方法,研究不同浓度PEG胁迫处理对沙拐枣幼苗的脯氨酸(Pro)、可溶性糖(SS)、丙二醛(MDA)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶(POD)等生理指标的影响,并通过隶属函数法对3个地理种源的材料进行抗旱性综合评价。结果表明,3个地理种源幼苗各项指标在不同强度PEG胁迫处理下总体变化趋势基本一致,各处理间差异显著(P<0.05)。各指标在3个地理种源间增加幅度排序分别为Pro含量是武威>酒泉>张掖,SS含量是酒泉>张掖>武威,MDA含量是武威>张掖>酒泉,SOD是武威>张掖>酒泉,而POD活性则是酒泉>武威>张掖。对沙拐枣抗旱性分析发现,3个地理种源沙拐枣的抗旱性顺序为武威>张掖>酒泉。不同地理种源沙拐枣的耐旱机制虽存在差异,但保护酶系统调节机制是其对生态环境适应的生理反应共性。     

源自国外的“趴街”行为蔓延沈阳

日前,一种源自国外的新奇古怪行为——年轻人“趴街”活动已蔓延到沈阳,在年轻人群中引起很大响应。“趴街”也译作“仆街”,热衷于“趴街”的人被称为“趴客”,指人们全身直挺挺地趴在各种不同的物体上,并拍下这个姿势再把照片传到网上。     

干旱胁迫下不同地理种源蒙古沙拐枣(Calligomum mongolicum)光合及荧光特性比较

以3个地理种源(武威、张掖、酒泉)蒙古沙拐枣(Calligomum mongolicum)两年生苗木为试材,研究干旱胁迫对其光合及荧光参数的影响,并采用投影寻踪法对其进行了抗旱性评价。结果表明:干旱胁迫导致3个地理种源蒙古沙拐枣光合作用均有所下降,但下降幅度不同,尤其在张掖和酒泉种源间差异显著(p0.05)。在重度干旱时,3个种源的光合速率(Pn)酒泉武威张掖,蒸腾速率(Tr)张掖武威酒泉,气孔导度(Gs)酒泉武威张掖。干旱胁迫下,3个地理种源蒙古沙拐枣的荧光特性表现为初始荧光(Fo)和非光化学淬灭系数(qN)升高,最大光学效率(Fv/Fm)、实际光能转化效率(ФPSⅡ)和光化学淬灭系数(qP)降低。在重度胁迫下,3个种源的Fo和qP大小排序分别为张掖武威酒泉,Fv/Fm、ФPSⅡ和qN为酒泉武威张掖。以投影寻踪法对3个地理种源蒙古沙拐枣的抗旱性排序结果为酒泉武威张掖。     

巢湖西湖心底泥蓝藻对水体蓝藻生物量的贡献

2018年10月-2019年10月对巢湖西湖心水体浮游藻类群落结构以及水体和底泥蓝藻生物量进行了月度调查.结果表明:巢湖西湖心浮游藻类的主要优势种属为微囊藻属、席藻属、十字藻、卵形隐藻和鱼腥藻属.蓝藻优势种属在5-10月为微囊藻属,11-12月为鱼腥藻属,1-4月为席藻属.巢湖水体和底泥蓝藻生物量峰值分别出现在9月和2月,水体蓝藻的衰亡下沉会导致底泥蓝藻生物量的上升.巢湖蓝藻主要分布在水体,底泥蓝藻生物量相对较低,单位面积水柱与底泥蓝藻生物量6月的比值大于100,在11-3月相对较低,最低值小于2.底泥蓝藻主要分布在底泥表层0～2 cm.通过安装原位捕获器,监测了蓝藻在西巢湖湖心水柱和底泥中的垂直迁移过程和通量.结果表明:11月和2月蓝藻有明显从水柱向底泥迁移的过程;底泥蓝藻全年向水体的静态迁移量都很低,而动态迁移在11月和6月出现两个峰值,主要受底泥蓝藻生物量和再悬浮的影响.本研究结果表明削减巢湖西湖心底泥种源的最佳时期为10月至来年2月,但是由于底泥蓝藻生物量远远小于水柱蓝藻生物量,底泥蓝藻向水体复苏迁移的通量也较低,即使削减了底泥种源,也不能有效降低水体蓝藻生物量.     

东海原甲藻藻华和台湾暖流种源关系的进一步研究

近20 a来,东海近岸海域频繁爆发了大规模的东海原甲藻藻华,造成了该海域生态系统的严重失衡。2013年前的调查研究显示东海原甲藻藻华发源于台湾暖流锋面,随台湾暖流锋面入侵近海而发展扩大,但受调查范围限制未能明确该藻华最早发生位置。本研究往南扩展了调查断面,于2013年春、夏季,在24°N～30°N海域进行了4次大面调查。结果显示东海原甲藻藻华最早发生于台湾海峡北端,且随台湾暖流锋面推进向北及近岸扩展。这不仅再次证实了台湾暖流锋面为东海原甲藻藻华的发生提供种源,而且明确了在东海区域东海原甲藻藻华最初发生的位置。这为该藻华的监控提供了重要的科学依据,为其他类似藻华的发生、发展提供了参考。     

Formation and evolution of sand deserts in Xinjiang,Northwest China: I. Provenances ofdesert sands简

Sandy desert landscape is a geological product of arid climate and abundant sand materials supply in natural conditions, therefore the formation of sandy desert is an ideal studying object for understanding the interaction between various stratigraphic/epigenetic spheres of the earth system. However, until now, the knowledge about the provenance and formation of these deserts in Xinjiang, Central Asia is diverse and inconsistent, a systematic review is necessary. Ancient aeolian sand sediments in the internal areas of these deserts and their twin dust deposits in the Cenozoic strata surrounding the Xinjiang deserts are direct and indirect clues reflecting the provenance of sand materials and the formation and evolution of deserts. Based on the geochemical, mineralogical and isotopic evidences of desert sands and relevant deposits in the peripheral regions, this paper reviews the research progress on the development of the sandy deserts in Xinjiang, Northwest China. Many proofs proposed that desert sands in Xinjiang were mainly sourced from the ancient pluvial, alluvial and fluvial sediments and were eventually achieved because of the local sand supply. It pointed out that the settings of tectonic structure in Xinjiang had made sediments both in the Tarim Basin and the Junggar Basin being influenced greatly by regional hydrological system and aeolian processes originated from the planetary wind system of westerly, the East Asian winter monsoon and the topographical mountain-valley winds. However, the directions of transpor- tation paths are different between the hydrological dynamics and the aeolian dynamics, which are decided by the slantwise structures of the basins tectonics and the regional atmospheric circulation routes, respectively, and have determined anisotropies of the transport pathway of these sediments delivered by different agents. This results in a geological cycle of detrital sediment transportation in the two large sediment mixing, alternation and recycle basins and thus largely increases the degree of between younger and older sediment sources, as well as the complexity and diversity of sand provenances.