小杂鱼脱脂技术的研究

以小杂鱼或低值鱼为原料 ,采用常温溶剂萃取法进行脱脂 ,研究了不同溶剂、溶剂混合比、流速和萃取时间对鱼类脱脂的影响。结果表明 ,在常温下用等体积的异丙醇和乙酸乙酯混合溶剂 ,以流速 4～ 8mL/min连续萃取 4～ 6h ,脱脂鱼肉的脂肪平均含量w为 0 .19%,脱脂率高达96 .2 6 %。该方法的溶剂损耗量为加热溶剂萃取法的 1/3倍。     

溶剂萃了以法提取浓缩鱼蛋白的研究

采用溶剂萃取法，经筛选，在一定的温度和时间下，用异丙醇对小杂鱼和低值鱼萃取，提取浓缩鱼蛋白，其蛋白质含量达９２．２８％脂肪含量仅为０．０９％，分含量为３．４２％，水分含量为４．２２％，远远超过联合国粮农组织ＦＰＣ－Ａ的质量标准。     

两种方法提取肠浒苔挥发油成分的比较研究

本研究分别采用水蒸气蒸馏法(SD)和溶剂提取法(SE)提取肠浒苔(Ulva intestinalis)的挥发油,通过GC-MS技术对其进行化学成分分析,以峰面积归一法对各成分进行相对定量.结果显示,SD法对肠浒苔挥发油的提取率(0. 038%)低于SE法(0. 800%). SD法所获得的肠浒苔挥发油共鉴定出46种成分,占挥发油总成分的81. 63%,SE法所获得的挥发油共鉴定出30种成分,占挥发油总成分的94. 89%,两者相同成分21种,主要成分均为烃类和醛类物质. SD样品中十五醛的相对含量最高(18. 12%),SE样品中8-十八烷烯的相对含量最高(51. 49%).     

混合溶剂溶解磷灰石分光光度法测定全磷

试验了用柠檬酸－Ａｌ（ＮＯ３）３混合溶剂分解磷灰石,可有效地消除分光光度法测定磷灰石中全磷时干扰离子的影响,此方法测得结果与磷钼酸喹啉重量法分析结果相符;其ＲＳＤ〈５％（ｎ＝６）。     

State of the art and practice of pavement anti-icing and de-icing techniques

Pavement snow and icing are worldwide problems, but effective countermeasures are just beginning to be developed in China. The two most common snow and ice removal methods are mechanical clearance and chemical melting, and the advantages and disadvantages of each approach are discussed here, including environmental and structural damage caused by corrosive snow melting agents. New developments in chemical melting agents and mechanical equipment are discussed, and an overview of alternative thermal melting systems is presented, including the use of geothermy and non-geothermal heating systems utilizing solar energy, electricity, conductive pavement materials, and infrared/microwave applications. Strategic recommendations are made for continued enhancement of public safety in snow and ice conditions.