The Role of Fracture Structure in Leachate Pollution at Landfills： A Case Study of a Landfill in Chongqing City

This paper studies a landfill where there are three faults running through.As serious pollution has occurred to the geological environment,the landfill is to be closed up and renovated.The paper aims to explore the role of fracture structure in leachate pollution at the landfill.The research was carried out in several stages.First,mathematical models of the pre-renovation landfill with three faults running through and the landfill after renovation were established.And then,the boundary conditions and parameters of the two mathematical models were determined.The groundwater level of the landfills was simulated in order to modify the two mathematical models.As a result,a feasible mathematical model was achieved.Based on this model,a comparison was made of the COD concentration variations in the inside leachate and outside leachate between the two landfills. Accordingly,the impacts of the fracture structure on the pollution of leachate at the landfills could be identified.The study results show that while faults contribute to the migration of leachate,they also serve as a confluence of leachate,thus further deteriorating the environment.The COD concentrations of the inside leachate and the outside leacbate of the pre-renovation landfill are respectively 800 mg/L and 220 mg/L higher than those of the post.renovation landfill.Therefore,measures must be taken to handle the leachate seepage in areas where there are faults as well as the neighboring areas so as to get the environmental pollution under control.     

The Role of Fracture Structure in Leachate Pollution at Landfills: A Case Study of a Landfill in Chongqing City

This paper studies a landfill where there are three faults running through. As serious pollution has occurred to the geological environment, the landfill is to be closed up and renovated. The paper aims to explore the role of fracture structure in leachate pollution at the landfill. The research was carried out in several stages. First, mathematical models of the pre-renovation landfill with three faults running through and the landfill after renovation were established. And then, the boundary conditions and parameters of the two mathematical models were determined. The groundwater level of the landfills was simulated in order to modify the two mathematical models. As a result, a feasible mathematical model was achieved. Based on this model, a comparison was made of the COD concentration variations in the inside leachate and outside leachate between the two landfills. Accordingly, the impacts of the fracture structure on the pollution of leachate at the landfills could be identified. The study results show that while faults contribute to the migration of ieachate, they also serve as a confluence of leachate, thus further deteriorating the environment. The COD concentrations of the inside leachate and the outside leachate of the pre-renovation landfill are respectively 800 mg/L and 220 mg/L higher than those of the post-renovation landfill. Therefore, measures must be taken to handle the ieachate seepage in areas where there are faults as well as the neighboring areas so as to get the environmental pollution under control.     

滨海地区不同质地土壤对垃圾渗滤液中氨氮的吸附作用

为了探讨粉砂、粉质粘土、粉土对垃圾渗滤液中NH4+-N的吸附作用,在室内做了吸附实验,实验结果表明,三种土样吸附NH4+-N的等温吸附曲线均符合Langmuir模式,且最大吸附量分别为粉砂1.3 034 ms/g,粉质粘土1.109 mg/g,粉土0.3 439 mS/S.不同土样吸附NH4+-N的能力差异较大,三种土样的吸附顺序为:粉砂>粉质粘土>粉土;三种土样的迟滞因子分别为粉砂27.939,粉质粘土21.782,粉土18.257,说明粉砂和粉质粘土的防污能力较粉土强.     

滨海含水介质胶体对垃圾渗滤液氨氮的吸附特征

根据天津含水介质的结构和组成,选择代表性的2种含水介质,分析了土样和胶体的主要物理和化学性质,系统测定不同胶体对氨氮吸附的动力学曲线和吸附等温线,并分析了胶体粒径、ζ电位、电泳淌度对吸附作用的影响。结果表明,含水介质胶体对氨氮的吸附动力学过程为对数曲线,其平衡时间约为20~24 h;不同胶体的吸附等温线均为直线型理想吸附,并且当水相中氨氮浓度低于一定浓度时,不但不产生吸附,反而使胶体中的残留氨氮释放出来;胶体颗粒细,比表面积大,表面能大,吸附能力就越大;胶体的ζ电位和淌度愈高,胶体的稳定性愈大,与铵离子接触的机会多,容易吸附铵离子。     

做好节约集约用地这篇大文章——卢氏县垃圾处理厂上山引出的话题

日前,笔者在豫西卢氏县采访,路过县城不远的一个山坡处,不经意间令人振奋地发现：该县的垃圾处理厂建在一个荒山坡上,未占一分基本农田。笔者不禁惊异,询问其中缘故。县土地局的负责同志介绍说,卢氏县是一个深山区,有＂八山一水一分田＂之说,土地资源十分缺乏。为了节约用地,选择再三,最后,县里报请上级批准,把垃圾处理厂址定在了荒山坡上。     

寸土寸金

今年的10月17日，是令人喜怒参半的一天。这一天，神州六号载人飞船圆满返航，为人类的太空科学探索立下又一里程碑：同一天，日本首相小泉纯一郎及国会议员无视国内外的强烈反对，再次参拜供奉有二战甲级战犯牌位的靖国神社。前者是对科学与进步的贡献，后者则是对和平与美好的破坏。一进一退，一长一消，昭然天下。     

太空“方便”不方便

宇航员的大小便也是一件复杂的事。早期航天中是用胶布把便袋粘在宇航员的臀部，但这个办法显然不太“安全”。后来，“天空实验室”、“和平号”、航天飞机等航天器上都有了志门的太空厕所分别有不同的小便收集器，大便则是通过马桶的气流抽入一个袋中进行处理。     

浦东新区垃圾堆放的环境地质特征及场地适宜性

本文简述了浦东新区一般的地质条件，讨论了该包气带土层对垃圾污染质的自然净化能力，垃圾污染质在地下土层中的迁移规律和表层粘性土中孔隙水渗流的临界水力梯度在垃圾处置中的作用。最后，在综合考虑地质环境各方面因素的前题下，对本区３０个典型垃圾场进行了适宜性评价。     

垃圾灾害及其治理对策研究

垃圾灾害是２１世纪的最大公害之一。该文运用大量的国内外事实资料，论述垃圾灾害发生的特点、形成机理及现状灾情，提出了垃圾灾害综合整治的资源化、无害化、最小量化和管理科学化对策，旨在唤起作为垃圾灾害最大制造者的人类的清洁生产意识和全过程控制意识，化害为利，变废为宝，建立全球性持续发展的生命支持系统与健康舒适的生存环境。